高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練9

⑴ 高考英語閱讀理解怎麼做

課堂要求：培養分析篇章結構的能力
信息的整體輸入是讓學生通過觀看課文錄像，整體感知閱讀材料，領略文章大意當然也不能忽略句子水平上的教學。語篇與句子之間存在著有機的聯系，語篇水平上的教學與句子水平的教學應該結合進行，這樣才能有利於閱讀能力的提高。
1.字面理解層(Literal comprehension Level)：這一層是指讀者僅僅理解文章的字面意義，辨認和回想文章大意、細節、事件發生的順序、人物特徵和因果關系等。
2、推論理解層(inferential comprehension)：這是讀者根據文章的結構，從字里行間推測詞義、文章大意、事件發生順序、細節和人物特徵的過程。
3、評論理解層(evaluative comprehension level)：這是讀者憑借自己的閱讀經驗和語言能力、分析、評價文章的優劣的過程。如評估信息的確切性，事件發生的可能性以及證明事實的可信性等。
上述閱讀理解的三大層次有助於我們認識它們在閱讀過程中相互間的關系和作用。字面理解層主要依靠語法能力或語言能力完成；推論理解層主要依靠閱讀技巧和語言能力來完成；而評價理解層則是讀者與作者的觀點融合的過程。
掌握基本的英語詞彙和語法結構的語言知識和一定的語言文化背景知識 ,是培養和提高閱讀能力的前提.
解決途徑：閱讀各類英語讀物可以幫助擴大詞彙量加深對英語的認識、了解英語國家的文化
閱讀要求：閱讀不應以解題為目的，但讀者應該帶著問題去談；閱讀的過程中不要查閱詞典，遇到生詞時應該盡力推斷其含義，如果推斷不出，且詞生詞為不可不知的關鍵詞，則讀完文章後統一解決並背誦下來必要時還得復習同一詞在其它句、文中的用法，通過接近聯想，對比聯想語言點，成為知識鏈，進而形成知識的網路。運用關鍵詞對文學材料的主要內容和結構進行改寫或復述。學生可以以閱讀評價標准來衡量自己是否做到了這幾點：
When and where does the story take place?
Who are the people in the story?
What are the problems?
What does the main character want to do?
What happens?
How does it end?
應拿出難度適中的一些文章「精讀」，從詞句到段到整個語篇進行仔細推敲，在閱讀的基礎上擴大詞彙量。
利用課前5分鍾，堅持每天一篇閱讀訓練
多讀、多背、多用，注意分析積累，是提高英語閱讀能力的惟一途徑。
考試中的閱讀技巧
掌握每種類型題目解題的方法，理順思路，這樣才能有利於他們在訓練中及時反饋，提高解題的針對性，真正提高解題的能力。
學習和了解文章的結構
閱讀理解文章的體裁主要有三類：敘述文、說明文和議論文。下面我們結合2000年12月份的大學英語四級考試真題來具體說明如何利用文章的結構特點來達到閱讀的目的。
文章的寫作方式上來看，一般都以記敘文和說明文為主。記敘文可分為傳記類和故事類。
初級記敘類：通過時間線索與文中提及的事件連接起來
通過上述活動，既能幫助學生迅速抓住文章的主要內容，又有幫助他們記憶文章中的一些細節，還可以減輕他們復述課文的難度，而且還能學到傳紀類文章的寫作方法。
1、敘述文
敘述文一般以講述個人生活經歷為主，對於經歷的陳述通常由一定的時間概念貫穿其中，或順序或倒序。但是四級考試中一般不出現單純的敘述文，因為單純的敘述文比較簡單、易懂。所以四級考試中的敘述文大多是夾敘夾議的文章。這類文章的基本結構模式是：
1) 用一段概括性的話引入要敘述的經歷(話題)
2) 敘述先前的經歷(舉例1)及其感悟或發現
3) 敘述接下來的經歷(舉例2)及其感悟或發現
4) 做出總結或結論
只要理解了這類文章的結構特點解答問題就相當簡單，因為這類文章後的閱讀理解試題大多是和文章的內容先後順序一致的細節題。
說明文的一般結構模式和敘述文的結構模式有相通之處即：提出問題（或以一個事例引出問題）---- （專家）發現直接原因----- 分析深層原因-----得出結論或找到出路。
知道了類似的文章結構特點，就可以據此來進行考題預測。就能判斷出幾個問題中肯定有一個要問原因，還有可能要出現推斷題。
2.議論文
我們大家最容易辨認出來的議論文模式是主張---反主張模式。在這一模式中，作者首先提出一種普遍認可的觀點或某些人認可的主張或觀點，然後進行澄清，說明自己的主張或觀點，或者說提出反主張或真實情況。
議論文的這種結構特點決定了它的主要題型是作者觀點態度題，文章主旨題以及推理判斷題。只要發現了這種結構特點，解答問題的主要任務就變成了到段落內找答案， 基本上不存在任何困難。
通過研究以上的文章結構特點，我們不難發現，在四級考試閱讀理解中無論任何體裁的文章都遵循著這樣一個共同的模式：提出話題（觀點或事例）---- 用事例分析原因(或批駁觀點)------得出結論。 對文章結構特點的把握有助於讀者更加自覺地關注文章的開始和結尾，分清觀點和事例，從而在四級考試的閱讀理解中准確定位，快速答題。
3.細讀題目
細讀題目，審視它們針對什麼提出問題。文章較短，可以先讀文章，後看思考題。若文章較長，為了能迅速抓住要點，也可先瀏覽思考題，然後帶著問題去讀文章，這樣，對文章的印象更深，能加深理解要點.
4.確定中心思想
在確定文章的中心思想時，要求學生重視閱讀文章的首句和末句，但也有一些文章，中心思想常常貫穿在全文中，因此要求學生綜觀全文對段落的內容要融會貫通，對文章有個透徹的理解。
我們應當把標題默念一兩遍，想像文章的內容和走向，這樣有利於對文章的理解，提高做題的效率。
（1）找出主題句，了解英語段落的組成
說明文和議論文的段落一般都有主題句，而且大多位於每段的開頭（少數情況位於段落末尾或中間）
一個完整的段落總是表達一個中心內容或主題，其通常可以用一句話來概括，即主題句。在說明文或議論文中，段落通常有四部分組成：主題句，整個段落的核心；發展句，對中心意思作進一步說明或描述，是整個段落的主體；過渡句，起承上啟下的作用；結論句，對內容進行歸納，起強調主題作用。
抓住每句的關鍵詞，特別是謂語動詞，抓住了謂語動詞（包括其賓語和附屬成分），也就抓住了句子的脈絡，也就能迅速地理解整個句子；另外，要注意識別代詞，如it，this，they，those，one等，根據上下文判斷其指代內容；注意識別省略成分，明確省略內容；注意識別邏輯用語（如：at first，for example， then等），從而准確理解全文的篇章結構；注意識別語法過渡詞（如：already，ago，often等）、語氣轉折詞（如：but，while，yet等）及時態等把握文脈
6.正確對待生詞
閱讀文章時，理解詞義是基礎。遇到忘記或根本不認識的單詞或一時看不懂的語言點，不要馬上停下來，應先做個記號放置一邊，繼續讀下去，通過上下文或構詞法大膽猜測生詞的含義，通過分析語法結構推敲語句的語義，以加快閱讀速度，提高閱讀理解的能力。
1）.根據語境，猜詞悟義
但如果課內課文同一個生詞在閱讀中多次出現，則可求助於字典。
猜詞悟義不僅應用於課外閱讀，而且可用於課文教學。讓學生先讀課文，再學生詞，有利於閱讀能力的培養。
2）.根據構詞法
3）.運用歸納法（敏特）
利用語境，分析句子結構的關系，結合常識來推測詞的意義，如同位語關系、反義關系、因果關系等，對文章句子理解的基礎上猜測詞義，加強閱讀理解的能力鞏固掌握所學語法知識。語法是語言的組織規律，是關於詞形變化和組詞成句的規則。熟練掌握和運用語法知識，如時態、語態、語氣，從句等
4）.定義法
文中常用解釋性詞語引出生詞含義，如to be，to be called, to call, that is，mean，in other words 等。有時也以同位語，定語從句的形式出現，或用破折號、括弧來表示。
5）.對比法。
在 but, however, yet, otherwise, though這些表示轉折意義的連詞出現的句子中，其前後的次有明顯的對比關系。根據已知的內容，通過這種對比關系，就很容易猜出生詞的意義了。
6）.生活常識法
7）.因果猜測法。
Because, since, as連接原因狀語從句，so, so…that, such…that連接結果狀語從句，通過前因後果的對比，依據已知部分，往往能猜出生詞的意義。
8）.and, or等詞連接的兩個詞、片語或短語在句中是屬於同意范疇的，作用也相同，因此可以推出其中新單詞的意義。
9）.例證法。
根據列舉的事例可以新單詞的意義。例如：I have a toothache. I need to go to the dentist.從toothache不難猜出dentist 為「牙科醫生」。
10）.注意連詞
連詞是閱讀中必須注意的一個重要方面。首先，它反映了句與句各層次意思之間的邏輯關系，如時間、因果、條件、讓步等等。其次，它顯示了文章思路的發展和段落組織的不同方法。
11）.標點符號（如破折號、冒號都表示解釋和說明）
12）.利用同義詞、反義詞進行猜測：
一些常見的標志詞語有or, like , similarly等，例如：Mr Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.史密斯先生很健談，他的妻子也同樣好說。
很顯然，similarly是個語境線索，他暗示loquacious意為love to talk。而一些反義詞是揭示事物的不同點，形成鮮明的對比，以增強表達效果。常見的反義詞語境線索有：yet, but, unlike, however, although, while, not…but…,instead of…,on the other hand, on the contrary, by contrast, rather than等。
例如：a：Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.書面語言是穩定的，而口頭語言則經常變化。
b：If you agree, write「yes」,if you dissent, write 「no」，顯然前者表示肯定，後者表示否定；由此推知dissent 是 agree的反義詞，即「不贊成」。
13).聯繫上、下文，結合常識進行推斷.
掌握具體事實和重要細節，變章確定了要表達的中心思想後，還必須通過許多細節的信息來進一步解釋或表達主題，體現中心思想，掌握這些細節是歸納概括文章中心思想的基礎，對於理解全文的作用是不容忽視的，閱讀文章時，要求學生養成辯動和記憶具體事實、重要細節的習慣，這些具體事實、重要細節是主題句的擴展、補充說明或例證，是用來支持說明中心思想的重要觀點.
14)邏輯推理
邏輯推理是深層理解的主要方法。根據文章提供的信息和自己已有的知識，理解並歸納出作者的立場、觀點、感情和寫作目的。通過提高邏輯分析能力以及培養語篇宏觀語境的推斷能力和想像力，從而提高閱讀理解能力。邏輯推理，挖掘深層內涵利用平常積累的詞語的辨析和感情色彩
7.按意群閱讀
按意群閱讀是提高閱讀速度的關鍵。將文章劃分為多個意群，從語篇的整體著眼，提高學生對整篇文章的概括力。如名詞有復數形式，有所有格形式，動詞有現在分詞、過去時和過去分詞。形容詞有比較級和最高級形式。一些詞有其固定的用法，如介詞後面要跟名詞或代詞作賓語，冠詞後面是名詞，情態動詞後面接動詞原形，連詞前後詞性和句式要保持一致。掌握了這些特點，一方面鞏固了基礎知識，閱讀時就可以以句子為單位，分清意群之間的關系，達到整體理解整體閱讀，從而提高閱讀速度和准確率。
8.閱讀應避免的問題：a.慢讀b.指讀c.聲讀d心讀
克服心讀的有效方法就是有意識地控制閱讀時間，讓學生將閱讀速度加快到超過最快的講話速度，使學生沒有時間去念每個單詞的音。
f.回視
一要先做一些較為簡單的閱讀材料，使他們覺得難度適中，樹立讀懂的信心。二要使學生不斷地自我提醒，克服這一壞習慣。
g.心譯
認識到閱讀英語時用英語思維模式（英語→英語）理解所閱讀內容的重要性，並在平時閱讀中自覺去克服方可奏效。
h.過多地依賴工具書
克服這一習慣的方法是讓學生學會猜測，掌握猜詞的技巧，利用上下文意思、構詞法、同義、反義、定義、解釋等技巧得到詞的意思。
9.細讀文章
細讀文章，掌握具體事實和重要細節內容。特別注意文中的人名、年齡、時間、地點、日期、年代、數字等。出題人有時故意在不同人的不同事件上做文章，有時故意將時間地點顛倒，把數字搞混等。因此，要有意留心這些細節，可邊讀邊用鉛筆作些標記，要逐步養成辨認和記憶重要細節的閱讀習慣。
10.熱身活動
在考前的一周，對學生進行考前熱身活動，幫助他們培養耐力，克服焦慮情緒。

⑵ 誰有高考英語閱讀理解的練習題

Passage One (Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice)
some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing ecation and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.
Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other』s problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. 『Talk, talk, talk,』 the advocates of violence say, 『all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.』 It』s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. 『Possible, my lord,』 the barrister replied, 『none the wiser, but surely far better informed.』 Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.

1. What is the best title for this passage?
[A] Advocating Violence.
[B] Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.
[C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.
[D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.
2. Recorded history has taught us
[A] violence never solves anything.
[B] nothing.
[C] the bloodshed means nothing.
[D] everything.
3. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men
[A] can』t get a hearing.
[B] are looked down upon.
[C] are persecuted.
[D] Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.
4. 「He was none the wiser」 means
[A] he was not at all wise in listening.
[B] He was not at all wiser than nothing before.
[C] He gains nothing after listening.
[D] He makes no sense of the argument.
5. According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is
[A] law enforcement.
[B] knowledge.
[C] nonviolence.
[D] Mopping up the violent mess.

Vocabulary
1. acute 嚴重的，劇烈的，敏銳的
2. loot v.搶劫，掠奪；n.贓物
3. pillage v.搶劫，掠奪
4. crunch v.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物；n.碎裂聲
when it comes to the crunch = if/when the decisive moment comes. 當關鍵時刻來到時。
5. war-paint 出戰前塗於身上的顏料。（美印第安戰士用）
6. come to light = become known 顯露，為人所知
7. sap 剝削，使傷元氣，破壞
I was sapped by months of hospital treatment. 我住院治療幾個月，大傷元氣。
8. mop up 擦去，對付，處理
9. wake 船跡，航跡
in the wake of sth. = come after 隨某事之後到來。

難句譯注
1. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.
【結構簡析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.當關鍵時刻來到時。
【參考譯文】真正令人可怖的，令人絕望的是，在關鍵時刻，人們意識到我們一點兒也沒有進步/前進。
2. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake.
【結構簡析】in the wake of 在…之後。
【參考譯文】由於我們不得不清理掉暴力之後所留下的爛攤子，我們的力量因此削弱了。
3. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.
【結構簡析】none + the + 比較級。固定用法，義：not at all 一點兒也不。EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.治療後，他並沒有因此見好，（一點兒也不見好）。
【參考譯文】聽了律師的長篇解釋，法官抱怨說他一無所獲，並不因此變得聰明些。
4. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom.
【參考譯文】知識是智慧的必要的先決條件。結合上下文這里意思是：了解情況是解決問題的先決條件。句子後面的解釋：知識是指了解它欲以解決暴力製造的惡行。

寫作方法與文章大意
作者主要以對比的手法寫出了暴力是有些國家用以解決種族差異的公認方法，這是人本性沒有進步的表現，真正理智的人提出了法制才是解決問題的唯一途徑，而這些人遭人輕視、迫害。作者指出如果我們把使用暴力的一半精力放在消除貧民窟，改善生活水平，提供教育和就業，清除暴力造成的後果，也就是通過對它以法治理是能真正解決種族問題的。盡管這些暴力者採取充耳不聞的態度。

答案詳解
1. B 暴力難以消除種族偏見。文章一開始就提出有些國家種族偏見嚴重，而暴力卻是公認的一種解決方法。白人採用暴力鎮壓，黑人以防火、掠搶為反抗。而雙方的大人物平靜地論及暴力，似乎這是一種合法的解決方案。作者就此指出人類的進步只在於表面――衣飾等，人類的本能沒有改變。整個有記錄歷史的文件沒有教會人類任何東西。這是真正令人可怕的事件。
第二段論及真正有理智的懂得解決方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人們不停。他們反而收到輕視、迫害。作者就此提出假設，答出真正的解決方案嗜法制，以法治理。
第三段進一步說明「交流、對話」是了解雙方問題的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力製造它假裝要解決的罪惡，是智慧聰明的必要前提。
A.鼓吹暴力。C.雙方重要人物都把暴力作為合法的解決方案。D. 人類的本性是嗜暴性。
2. B沒有什麼。第一段中就明確提出整個人類有記錄歷史又長又臭的暴力文件記錄，一點都沒有教給我們任何東西。
A.暴力解決不了任何事情。C.殺戮（流血）沒有任何意義。D.一切。
3. D在鼓吹法制方面有困難。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發現要人傾聽他們的意見越來越困難。
A.人們不聽。B.遭人輕視。C.遭人迫害。這三項都包含在D項內。
4. C聽後無所得。None the wiser一點也不比以前聰明（這是按字面翻譯）。實際就是C項。
A.在傾聽別人上他一點也不聰明。B.他和以前一個樣。D.他聽不懂論點。
5. A法制。第二段最後一句，如果我們在法律的構架中進行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實現的。第二段第二句，他們遭到迫害是因為他們鼓吹法制這種顯然令人不能容忍的事。
B.知識。C.非暴力。D.處理暴力帶來的混亂。

⑶ 如何提高高考英語閱讀理解~拜託了。。。

剩下的時間把做過的文章全復習一下鞏固單詞,閱讀理解靠的應該是長期積回累,在平時多讀課文單詞都答可以提高語感,8過現在來不及就復習好現有的閱讀資料.在考試時把有關問題的句子在文中劃出,這樣有利思考問題,在做完型時先讀1遍文章熟悉下,然後再動筆做.這些是我的經驗希望對你有用~~~~~~

⑷ 高三，高考英語閱讀理解要怎麼做才能保證很高准確率

平時要多做閱讀練習，在練習中提高閱讀解題能力，閱讀的材料還是以真題為主,不要在細節甚至語法上面花時間,關鍵是把握文章的大體結構,作者所持的態度等等.問到細節了再回原文定位.類比反義如果沒有把握拿非常高的分數的話,閱讀最好不要放棄。 其次要提高閱讀的速度： 提高英語閱讀的速度，靠的不是一日之功，通常需要相當長一段時間的學習及訓練。但過，加強英文基礎訓練、掌握必要的測試技巧和鄙棄一些壞習慣，都會有助於考生們閱讀文章是加快速度。 2.英語完形填空應試技巧:)~~ 「完形填空」題旨在測試學生綜合運用英語的能力，做此題必須通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合運用所學詞彙、語法及常識進行判斷推理。解此類題主要從以下四步做起： 1.重視首句，把握開篇。完形填空一般無標題，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息從此開始。細讀首句，可判斷文章體裁，預測全文大意和主旨。 2. 速讀全文，掌握大意。速讀全文要一氣呵成，盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方，仍要快速讀下去。讀時要注意找出關鍵詞、中心詞，劃出某些代表人物和情節的詞，以便於形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基礎上，邊閱讀，邊做題，這樣速度慢、准確率低。 3. 瞻前顧後，靈活答題。「瞻前顧後」，即先讀所填詞的句子，回顧上一句，兼顧下一句。如果一句中有兩個空白待填，在初定答案時要「雙管齊下」，在兩處同時試填，然後通讀全句，確定答案。答題方法：1）擇優法：根據文章及結構邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個考證其餘答案。2）排除法：如答案一時難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結構、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項逐項分析試填。排除干擾項，從而確定正確答案。 4.復核全文，調整答案。把填好的短文通讀一遍，進行核查同時注意以下三點： 1．上下文的一致性：即時態語態的一致；代詞、名詞、單復數的一致。 2．從語法和慣用法及習慣搭配、甚至語感入手，看是否符合上下文的邏輯。 3．段與段、句與句之間的銜接是否連貫。 提高英語完形填空水平 一、完形填空題的特點： 1、完形填空（Cloze Test）是在一篇200字左右的短文中，留出25個空格，讓考生從題目提供的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案，使補足後的短文意思通順、前後連貫、結構完整。考生在答題時應通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合運用有關知識。 2、完形填空題把英語知識與英語運用有機地結合在一起，把短文任意填空和單項選擇填空兩種題型的優點集中在一起，以「完形」的方式考查學生的綜合運用語言知識的實際能力。這樣不僅考查了學生的英語知識，還考查了學生的快速閱讀能力，閱讀理解能力，邏輯判斷能力。答題時，要做到單句理解與語篇理解的統一，語言知識與語言能力的統一。 3、完形填空題中單純考查語法知識和詞彙知識的試題幾乎不復存在，絕大多數考題的四個選項在語法和詞語搭配上都無懈可擊，有的在意義上很接近，有的從其所處的句子或短落而言難辨是否，然而結合具體的語言環境，卻只有一個最佳答案。此外，考查點大都集中在實詞上，尤其是動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞等。這些詞的本身具有時間、地點、人物、動作、感情等意義。虛詞，如冠詞、連詞、介詞等則占較小的比例。 近幾年高考英語「完形填空」試題各選項詞類統計。 動詞 名詞 形容詞 副詞 連詞 代詞 介詞 1994 2 9 4 1 2 0 2 1995 6 6 2 2 1 0 3 1996 10 3 6 2 1 0 0 1997 13 9 0 1 1 0 1 二、完形填空題解題步驟 第一步，通讀全文，了解文章大意，獲得整體印象。通讀全文包括短文和各個選擇項，同時初選出一批較有把握的答案。此時不必為某個選擇項停下來長久思考。 第二步，在第一遍通讀全文了解中心大意及初選後，第二步即可邊核對初選答案邊補填留下的空格。如果短文難度較大，則可復讀幾遍，同時核對和確定答案。有些空格一時決定不了，不必死扣住不放，可在試卷上打個記號，待復查時再確定。 第三步，復查定稿。此時應從整體理解角度出以，仔細審核復一個答案，確保意義上、語法上沒有錯誤，同時對遺留下來的少數幾個空格作最後選擇。 三、完形填空題的解題技巧 1、前後照應。完形填空題有時提供的幾個選擇項孤立地從一個句子看或是從一個段落看似乎都可以，但需要從整篇文章上下文結合起來看，才能選出正確答案。在作出選擇時，一定要前後照應，時刻不離開上下文。而且隨著對短文的理解逐步深入，對已作出的選擇進行必要的修正。 2、篩選排除。和試卷其餘部分的選擇題一樣，完形填空題也可採取此法，即把語法上、意義上、邏輯上明顯不合理的選項先剔除，這樣就縮小選擇面，保證選題的准確性。 3、合理推理。有些選項語法上沒有問題，意義上十分接近，區分難度較大。這就需要根據上下文、思維規律及一般常識來進行判斷推理。 4、意形兼顧。選擇答案時，既要注意語法又要兼顧意思。選擇中往往有一些似是而非的東西，稍不留意就會作出錯誤的選擇。參考資料：

⑸ 高考英語閱讀理解練習書

高考英語閱讀訓練（001）

You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes (撞擊) through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead！Of course he isn't really dead. With any luck he isn't even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars of even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they perform tricks.There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress (床墊). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar!But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and training. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.
Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff (懸崖) a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落傘) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are stuntgirls tool

1. Stuntmen are those who ______.
A. often dress up as actors
B. prefer to lead dangerous lives
C. often perform seemingly dangerous actions
D. often fight each other for their lives
2. Stuntmen earn their living by ______.
A. playing their dirty tricks
B. selling their special skills
C.jumping out of high windows
D. jumping from fast moving trains
3. When a stuntman falls from a high building, ______.
A.he needs little protection
B. he will be covered with a mattress
C.his life is endangered
D. his safety is generally all right
4. Which of the following is the main factor (因素) of a successful performance?
A. Strength. B. Exactness. C. Speed. D. Carefulness.
5. What can be inferred from the author' s example of the Norwegian stuntman?
A.Sometimes an accident can occur to a stuntman.
B.The percentage of serious accidents is high.
C.Parachutes must be of good quality.
D. The cliff is too high.
KEY: 1- 5 CBDBA

高考英語閱讀訓練（002）
Activity which was almost unknown to the learned in the early days of the history, while ring the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only ring the nineteenth century did silent reading become popular.
One should be careful, however, of supposing that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is distraction (分散注意力) to others. Examination of reasons connected with the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual mode of reading for most alt reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
The last century saw a graal increase in literacy (讀寫能力) and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some rection in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.
Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in ecation. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media (媒介) on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.
By the end of the century students were being advised to have some new ideas of books and to use skills in reading them which were not proper, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological developments in the century had greatly changed what the term "reading" referred to.

1. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?
A. Because silent reading had not been discovered.
B. Because there were few places for private reading.
C. Because few people could read for themselves.
D. Because people depended on reading for enjoyment.
2. The development of silent reading ring the nineteenth century showed .
A. a change in the position of literate people
B. a change in the nature of reading
C. an increase in the number of books
D. an increase in the average age of readers
3. Ecationalists are still arguing about _________.
A. the importance of silent reading
B. the amount of information provided by books and newspapers
C. the effects of reading on health
D. the value of different types of reading material
4. What is the writer of this passage attempting to do?
A. To explain how present day reading habits developed.
B. To change people's way to read.
C. To show how reading methods have improved.
D. To encourage the growth of reading.
KEY: 1-4 CBDA

高考英語閱讀訓練（003）

In some ways, the United States has made some progress. Fires no longer destroy 18,000 buildings as they did in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, or kill half a town of 2,400 people, as they did the same night in Peshtigo, Wisconsin. Other than the Beverly Hill Supper Club fire in Kentucky in 1977, it has been four decades since more than 100 Americans died in a fire.
But even with such successes, the United States still has one of the worst fire death rates in the world. Safety experts say the problem is neither money nor technology, but the indifference(無所謂) of a country that just will not take fires seriously enough.
American fire departments are some of the world's fastest and best-equipped. They have to be. The United States has twice Japan's population, and 40 times as many fires. It spends far less on preventing fires than on fighting them. And American fire -safety lessons are aimed almost entirely at children, who die in large numbers in fires but who, against popular beliefs, start very few of them.
Experts say the error is an opinion that fires are not really anyone's fault. That is not so in other countries, where both public ecation and the law treat fires as either a personal failing or a crime(罪行). Japan has many wood houses; of the 48 fires in world history that burned more than 10,000 buildings, Japan has had 27. Punishment for causing a big fire can be as severe as life imprisonment.
In the United States, most ecation dollars are spent in elementary schools. But, the lessons are aimed at too limited a number of people; just 9 percent of all fire deaths are caused by children playing with matches.
The United States continues to depend more on technology than laws or social pressure. There are smoke detectors in 85 percent of all homes. Some local building laws now require home sprinklers (噴水裝置). New heaters and irons shut themselves off if they are tipped.

1. The reason why so many Americans die in fires is that _____.
A. they took no interest in new technology
B. they did not pay great attention to preventing fires
C. they showed indifference to fighting fires
D. they did not spend enough money on fire equipment
2. It can be inferred from the passage that______.
A. fire safety lessons should not be aimed only at American children
B. American children have not received enough ecation of fire safety lessons
C. Japan is better equipped with fire equipment than the United States
D. America's large population leads to more fires
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. There has been no great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that leads to high death rate.
B. There have been several great fires in the USA in recent 40 years that lead to high death rate.
C. There has been only one great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that led to high death rate.
D. The fire in Kentucky in 1977 made only a few people killed.
KEY: BAC

高考英語閱讀訓練（004）

Nuclear power's(核能的) danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation(輻射).
Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected (探測) by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells (細胞) in important organs (器官). But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治療) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.

1. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.
A. nuclear mystery B. radiation detection
C. radiation level D. nuclear radiation
2. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.
A. when it kills few cells
B. if it damages few cells
C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D. unless the damaged cells can reproce themselves
3. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.
A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately
B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later
C. affect the healthy growth of our younger generation
D. lead to all of the above results
4. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?
A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized (過分強調).
B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.
C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.
D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger.
KEY: 1- 4 DBDA

高考英語閱讀訓練（005）

Today is the date of that afternoon in April a year ago when I first saw the strange and attractive doll（玩具娃娃）in the window of Abe Sheftel's toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street, just around the corner from my office, where the plate on the door reads. Dr Samuel Amory. I remember just how it was that day: the first sign of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft - coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighbourhood. As I turned the corner on my way to work and came to Sheftel's, I was made once more known of the poor collection of toys in the sty window, and I remembered the coming birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland, to whom I was in the habit of sending small gifts. Therefore, I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything suitable, and looked at the collection of unattractive objects--a red toy fire engine, some lead soldiers, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink, pens, yellowed envelopes, and advertisements for soft - drinks. And thus it was that my eyes finally came to rest upon the doll stored away in one corner, a doll with the strangest, most charming expression on her face. I could not wholly make her out, e to the shadows and the film of st through which I was looking, but I was sure that a deep impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impressed.

1. What made an impression on the author?
A. The doll's unusual face.
B. The collection of toys.
C. A stranger he met at the store.
D. The beauty and size of the doll.
2. Why does the author mention his niece?
A. She likes dolls.
B. The doll looks like her.
C. She lives near Sheftel's.
D. He was looking for a gift for her.
3. Why did the writer go past Sheftel's?
A. He was on his way to school.
B. He was looking for a present for his niece.
C. He wanted to buy some envelopes.
D. None of the above is right.
4. The story takes place in the ______.
A. early summer B. early spring
C. midsummer D. late spring
KEY: 1-5 ADDB

高考英語閱讀訓練（006）

Technology is the application (應用)of knowledge to proction. Thanks to modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense while increasing overall output. This has meant more proction and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available (有用的)to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animalbreeding techniques, and has extended our life span via()medical technology.
Will mankind continue to live longer and have a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics (統計) show that the united States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually(每年) into such efforts. So while we are running out of some scarce resources (少的資源) we may well find technological substitutes (代用品) for many of them through our research programs.
Therefore, in the final analysis the three major factors of proction (land, labor and capital) are all influenced by technology. When we need new skills on techniques in medicine, people will start developing new technology to meet those needs. As equipment proves to be slow or inefficient, new machines will be invented. Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.

1. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The definition of technology
B. Modern technology
C. The application of technology
D. The development of technology
2. From the passage, we can infer that this article is probably _________.
A. a part of the introction to American business
B. followed by the passage talking about factors of proction
C. taken from a learned journal
D. Both A and B
3. Which is the main idea of the passage?
A. Modern technology is the key to the improvement of standard of living.
B. The three major factors of proction-land, labor and capital are all influenced by technology.
C. Technology is the response to our needs.
D. The United States is making great efforts to advance its technology.
4. According to the passage, people can live a long life with the help of _________.
A. higer quality of life
B. medical technology
C. modem farming machinery
D. technological substitute
KEY: 1- 4BDAB

高考英語閱讀訓練（007）

The volcano is one of the most surprising frightening forces of nature. Maybe you have seen pictures of these「fireworks」of nature. Sometimes when a volcano erupts, a very large wall of melted rock moves down the side of a mountain. It looks like a 「river of tire.」Sometimes volcanoes explode, throwing the melted rock and ashes(灰)high into the air. But where does this melted rock come from?
The earth is made up of many layers(層). The top layer that we see is called the crust. Under the crust are many layers of hard rock. But far, far beneath the crust whose rock is so hot, that it is soft. In some places it even melts. The melted rock is called magma. Sometimes the magma breaks out to the surface through cracks(爆裂聲)in the crust. These cracks are volcanoes.
Most people think of mountains when they think of volcanoes. But not every mountain is a volcano. A volcano is simply the opening in the earth from which the magma escapes. The hot magma, or lava as it is called, cols and builds up on the surface of the earth. Over thousands of years, this pile of cooled lava can grow to be very, very big. For example, the highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro, is a volcano. It towers more than 16,000 feet above the ground around it.

1.The underlined word「erupts」means .
A. moves down B. breaks away
C. builds up D. suddenly throws out lava
2.Which words in the passage have the same meaning as 「melted rock」?
A.「Volcano」and「explode」. B.「Crust」and「hard rock」
C.「magma」and「lava」 D.「Volcano」and「magma」
3.Which is the correct order of the layers of the earth(beginning with the top layer)?
A. crust-hard rock-magma-soft rock
B. crust-hard rock- soft rock-magma
C. magma-soft rock- hard rock-crust
D. volcano-cracks-magma-crust
4.The best title(標題) of the passage should be u.
A. The Volcano B. Kilimanjaro Volcano
C. The Mountains D. The Melted Rock
KEY: DCBA

高考英語閱讀訓練（008）

WHERE TO STAY IN BOSWELL YOUR GUIDE TO OUR BEST HOTEL
Name/AddressNo. of RoomsSingleDoubleSpecial Attractions
FIRST HOTEL 222 Edward Road
Tel.414-6433120＄25＄35Air-conditioned rooms,
French restaurant,
Night club,
Swimming-pool, Shops,
Coffee shop and bar,
Telephone, radio and
TV in each room,
Close to the city center
FAIRVIEW HOTEL
129 North Road
Tel.591-562050＄12＄18Close to the air-port, Telephone
In each room, Bar, Restaurant,
Garage, Swimming-pool
ORCHARD HOTEL
233 Edward Road
Tel.641-6646120＄15＄20Facing First hotel,
European restaurant,
Coffee shop, Dry-cleaning,
Shops, tv, night-club
OSAKA HOTEL
1264 Venning Road
Tel.643-820180＄30＄50Air-Conditioned rooms,
Japanese and
Chinese restaurants, Shops,
Swimming-pool, Large garden

1.The number of the rooms in the best hotels in Boswell is .
A. 120 B. 470 C. 450 D. 240
2.If a Japanese traveler likes to eat in French restaurant, is the right place for him to go to.
A. 233 Edward Road B. 1264 Venning Road
C. 222 Edward Road D. 129 North Road
3.Which hotel faces the Orchard hotel?
A. The First hotel. B. The Osaka hotel.
C. The Fairview Hotel. D. No hotel.
KEY: BCA

⑹ 高考英語閱讀作題時間

從話題角度來看，和往年一樣，社會類和教育類仍然是主要考查話題分別佔到11次和6次，當然這里社會類的話題包括工作，生活，城市建設等，內容涉及多個層面，這也是數量偏多的一個原因；教育類包含學科教育, 教育方式, 家庭教育, 學校教育等一直是高頻話題，科技類和環境類上半年考頻正常,犯罪類和政府類考查偏少，各出現了一次。值得注意的是，新聞媒體考題一般出現在上半年，今年考頻加大，上半年出現了2次。

重點考題分析

Some people believe famous people』s support towards international aid organizations draws the attention to problems. While other think celebrities make the problems less important. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (2019/04/13)

4月13日考的這道題是整個上半年構思難度極高的一道題目，也是一道老題，很多有望上6的考生都因為這道題的構思問題，變成5.5分。有些學生對題目的理解有一些偏差，題目的意思是：名人對國際援助組織的捐助使得人們關注到問題，然而另一些人認為名人使得問題不那麼重要。第一方面比較好理解，名人利用自身的影響力使得問題得到關注，比如塵肺病對於大眾來說不是很常見，是煤礦工人得的一種病，很多明星通過公益活動，讓更多的人關注到這部分需要幫助的群體。另一方面，淡化問題的原因是大眾或者粉絲只關注名人的行為而忽視問題本身，對問題沒有後續跟進，也就最終解決不了問題。

The increasing use of technology in the workplace has made it easier for young people to get work and hard for old people. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2019/05/04)

這道題審題很容易跑偏, 很多同學把重心會放在科技讓年輕人簡單地獲得工作,或者錯誤理解成科技讓年輕人的工作簡單化,忽視了後半句hard for old people。題目中含有並列關系and，需要兩者都要提及，所以後面論證只證明對年輕人的好處是偏面的。

總而言之，上半年題目以老題重現居多，同學們還是要多刷機經，有可能就碰到自己寫過的題目，下半年大作文犯罪類，政府類考題可能會增加，可以增加這兩類話題的練習。另外，要注意審題常見的坑，乍一看不太懂的題目不妨多讀幾遍，不要貿然下筆。