英語閱讀策略之過渡詞

⑴ 英語寫作過渡詞過渡句

mmeanwhile 與此同時, In addition由於, moreover此外,further更進一步, to sum up總的來說 ,on the contrary相反地，
on the other hand 另一方面, as far as I'm consider我內 認為, however然而,
我暫時容只想到這些

⑵ 英語閱讀策略

閱讀能力始終是高三學生的首要和重要任務，在具體的學習過程中，大家學習和掌握了大量的語法和句法知識，這是非常重要和必要的基礎，但是仍有許多同學雖然掌握了相當的詞彙和語法知識，卻仍然對閱讀原文文章感到力不從心，常表現為：認識詞語，懂得句法結構，卻不理解其意，更不要提更深層次的內涵和外延。閱讀行為本身並不等同於閱讀能力的培養。英語閱讀行為的多少並不完全等同於閱讀能力的強或弱。閱讀與理解，知識與能力並不完全相等。

障礙閱讀效率的因素之一是閱讀心理障礙和閱讀觀念的錯誤。由於習慣了基礎階段字、詞、句、譯的初學模式，學生們自然形成了一種比較固定的閱讀模式，即：詞語—句字—語法—翻譯—(答案)，結果不僅閱讀速度慢，而且不能把握文章的主要脈絡，更可怕的是忽略了整體理解，缺乏宏觀的英語閱讀能力。

閱讀習慣和速度

由於「求精」「求細」「求知識」的閱讀模式影響，不少學生養成了一些不良閱讀習慣，這些不良閱讀習慣反過來制約了閱讀效率。這些不良習慣有：

1.閱讀視幅(eye span)小

閱讀視幅指眼睛每停留一次所能清晰地感知文字的廣度，視幅對閱讀的影響表現在兩個方面：一是每看一眼能看清字數的多少；二是眼睛定置的次數與時間的關系，好的讀者不會把單詞作為注視點逐字閱讀而是以意群為閱讀注視點，要想提高閱讀效率，需要克服小視幅的障礙，要在平時的閱讀中有意識地訓練自己。

2.聲讀或心讀

聲讀是指在閱讀時喃喃自語地把每個單詞念出聲來，有時也可能是無聲地動動嘴唇，也有人稱其為唇讀。另一種較難察覺的聲讀形式是心讀，即在內心想像著或默吟著每個單詞的發音，往往用手指著讀。這種聲讀或心讀很可能是早期英語學習時以發音閱讀為中心的學習方法和精讀中養成的閱讀習慣所導致的結果。這樣做不僅有礙閱讀速度，而且會過分依賴語言而易忽略語意，從而影響閱讀的廣度和深度。

3.回讀

回讀就是再次返回來重新閱讀，又稱為倒讀或復讀，這是由於讀者對已讀過的內容、句子、詞等感覺不放心所導致的。回讀雖不能完全避免，但次數過多，肯定會對閱讀效率產生影響。另外回讀的習慣也是由於過分重視微觀語言現象所致，習慣回讀的同學習慣於有對應的漢語翻譯，否則會有不安全的感覺，導致對所讀的內容缺乏自信心。我們應該明白對一篇文章的理解是整體的，有時是大致的，相對的，則可以避免過細過微的閱讀習慣，克服不良閱讀習慣。

4.不了解西方寫作結構的特點

一般西方寫作結構的特點是：

1. Topic sentence ( subject, controlling idea ) 主題句

2. Supporting sentence (A) 支持主題句的事例或細節

3. Supporting sentence (B) 支持主題句的事例或細節

4. Supporting sentence (C) 支持主題句的事例或細節

5. Concluding sentence 結論

請閱讀下面的例文：

Everywhere, you will always find 「the white-haired boy」, sometimes called 「the fair-haired boy」. He gets special treatment, as if he were above everyone else. You will find him in school, in college, at home, or where you work.

In school, he is the teacher』s darling who can do nothing wrong. Sometimes she lets him do little jobs for her. He comes to class in the morning, all shiny and clean. He is always raising his hand, ready with an answer to the teacher』s questions. And he knows all the answers. He gets in you hair, especially if you are at the bottom of the class and the teacher you are stupid. How you hate him!

At college, he walks——more often stride——across the school grounds as if he owned them. Sometimes he wears a colorful football or basketball shirt or sweater, with a bright red, or green or yellow college letter proudly worn on the front of it. What broad shoulders and what muscles he has! He makes the girls happy by just smiling at them. He has the mark of success on him.

At home, 「the fair-haired boy」 is mother』s choice, her favorite. Sometimes, he is the oldest son——at times, the youngest. If you are in between, you are out of luck.

Then, you discover that there are others who share your feeling, and are ready to 「let their hair down」——to tell you their private thoughts. One of them asks, 「Why does he have all that I haven』t got?」 You ask yourself the same question.

Finally, there comes a day when you decide to stop hating him. Is it perhaps became he has been made the boss and you find yourself working for him?

1、From the passage we can know 「the white-haired boy」 is _______________.

A、a boy whose hair is white B、a pet that does nothing wrong

C、a child who is his mother』s favorite child

D、a person who is lucky all the time

2、「He gets in your hair」 (in Paragraph 2) means 「 」

A、he plays tricks on you

B、he does up your hair

C、he makes you a little angry

D、he cuts your hair too short

3、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A、The middle son is considered the unluckiest at home.

B、The top student at college is the white-haired boy.

C、Wearing colorful clothes can make you attractive.

D、The teacher in school treats her students unfairly.

4、In the author』s opinion, you finally stop hating the 「white-haired boy」 because __________。

A、you have no choice but to face the fact

B、you decide to try your best to be better than him

C、you have been made the boss by him

D、you are beginning to admire him

同學們在閱讀本文時要利用一些閱讀的技巧，如：

1) 確認，分辨

確認就是要將有關的詞句、指稱看準確，切勿張冠李戴，要行意結合，通過句式結構和語言意義正確把握語篇內容，同時對一句話或一個段落要進行分辨，看講的是一個意思還是幾個意思，是屬於一個層面還是屬於幾個層面，並具有深層的含義，切勿囫圇吞棗。本文理解的關鍵就是第一題的the fair-haired boy.

2) 預期，印證

在閱讀中對上下文應有預期的能力，根據語篇的信息線索，主動地預期下文情節的發展，作者思路的走向。要把握好這種thread of thought(思維主線)，還可以藉助段落、綱領或主題句以及一些具體信息。還可以通過語篇的承接語，如however, yet, though等，以及句子功能的標識語(indicator)等，還可以根據自己的前經驗、知識及上下文對當時所讀的書面信息或預期作出印證。

3) 聯系，推斷

由於每一個語篇都是有主題的，而且是有序關聯的。因此在閱讀時一定要注意前後聯系，上下關系，同時也要做到表裡聯系———通過表層語言推斷出深層含義，內外聯系———藉助外圍背景知識推斷理解書面信息。這種宏觀閱讀能提高讀者的聯想能力和理解能力。

4) 語域，語境

每一個語篇都是有語域的，也就是說語篇所表達的環境定位、人物之間的關系、語篇的性質等。語境指語篇中的各種語言環境因素，其中包括上下文、言語語氣、暗示等內容。了解語域和語境對於准確理解語篇起著非常關鍵的作用。因此，要學會利用語域和語境。而且是善於運用於閱讀之中，如例文的第2題，注意語境especially if you are at the bottom of the class and the teacher you are stupid. How you hate him!

5) 歸納，總結

以上閱讀理解的基本要素不是互為孤立的，而是有機結合、互相滲透的。學生在平時的閱讀中要有意識地進行自我訓練，利用綜合信息，善於得出結論，例文的話題是比較容易歸納和總結的，即：the white-hair boy is always lucky and fortunate, 如例文的第4題。

⑶ 英語書面表達中常用的過渡詞

Last but not least, And, But, What's more, Above all, In addition, However, Besides, First, Second, Third, For instance, For example, First of all, Meanwhile, Moreover, All in all, Furthermore, As far as I am concerned, From my point of view, In fact, To sum a up, So that, Thus, Finally.

⑷ 高考英語作文有哪些過渡詞

first,second....last,finally and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor, and then but, however, while, yet for, so,since,as, consequently, therefore what's more/ worse, besides, to sum up, in conclusion, generally speaking, in a word, in short in my opinion... (1)表並列關系的 過渡詞 : and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor (2)表遞進關系的 過渡詞 : besides, in addition (加之, 除……之外) moreover(此外, , 而且), what's more,what's worse (3)表轉折對比的 過渡詞 : but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in pite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others (4)表原因的 過渡詞 : because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, e to(由於) (5)表結果的 過渡詞 : so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that (6)表條件的 過渡詞 : if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as (7)表時間的 過渡詞 : when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment (8)表特定的順序關系的 過渡詞 : first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s) (後來) meanwhile , (幾乎同時) thereafter , (在那以後), last, finally, eventually(終於) (9)表換一種方式表達的 過渡詞 : in other words, that is to say, to put it another way (10)表進行舉例說明的 過渡詞 : for instance, for example, like, such as (11)表陳述事實的 過渡詞 : in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth (12)表強調的 過渡詞 : certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously (13)表比較的 過渡詞 : like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to (14)表目的的 過渡詞 : for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to (15)表總結的 過渡詞 : in a word(總之,簡言之), in general, in short(總之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary 2. 文章段落之間的邏輯關系主要由 過渡詞 來完成,在修辭中稱為啟,承,轉,合."啟"就 是開頭, "承"是承接,"轉"是轉折,"合"是綜合或總結. (1)用於"啟"的 過渡詞 語 用於表示"啟"的 過渡詞 或過渡性的語句通常用在段落或文章的 開頭: first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently, It is often said that…, As the proverb says…, It goes without saying that…, It is clear/obvious that…, Many people often ask … (2)用於"承"的 過渡詞 語 表示"承"的 過渡詞 或過渡性的語句通常用在段落中的第一個擴 展句中: second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt, It is true that…, Everybody knows that…, It can be easily proved that…, No one can deny that… The reason why …is that …, There is no doubt that…, To take…for an example (instance) …, We know that…, What is more serious is that… (3)用於"轉"的 過渡詞 語 用於"轉"的 過渡詞 或過渡性的語句通常用在段落中的第二個擴 展句中: but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(無論如何), nevertheless(雖然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead, I do not believe that…, Perhaps you'll ask why… This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…, Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found, That's why I feel that… (4) 用於"合"的 過渡詞 語 章的結論段中: in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking, sum up, to finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus, after all(畢竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(總之), on the whole(就整體而言), to sum up From this point of view … On account of this we can find that … The result is dependent on … Thus, this is the reason why we must… 二, 過渡詞 的應用 有的學生在作文中使用過多簡單句,成了簡單句堆砌;有的寫復雜句時,動輒用 so, and, then, but,or, however,yet 等非但達不到豐富表達方式的目的, 反而使句子結構鬆散, 呆板.為了避免這種現象,可以通過使用不同的 過渡詞 ,不僅能夠豐富句型,而且還能夠把 思想表達得更清楚,意義更連貫.例如: 1. 學生習作 TV and website 用於"合"的 過渡詞 或過渡性的語句通常用在段落的結論句或文 TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Websites also have different sections. You may choose the one you are most interested in. They are different in many ways. Moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation. It makes you feel that you are just on the spot. The programs change every day. Professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Some information on websites change all the time. Not all of it is so updated. Everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter. Every medium has its own features. It is hard to say which is better. 這段文字用簡單句表達,它們之間內在的邏輯關系含糊不清,意思支離破碎.如果使用過 渡詞,將單句與其前後合並,形成主次關系,就把一個比較復雜的內容和關系表達得層次清 楚,結構嚴謹. 修改後的文章: TV and website Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Similar to TV, websites also have different sections, so that you may choose the one you are most interested in. However, they are different in many ways. Above all, moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation, which makes you feel as if you are just on the spot. Then, the programs change every day and professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Unlike TV, some information on websites change all the time, but not all of it is so updated. In addition, everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter. In a word, every medium has its own features, so it is hard to say which is better. 修改後的文章用 過渡詞 來銜接上下段 第一段第一句為:Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. 第二段第一句為:However, they are different in many ways. 第三段第一句為:In a word, every medium has its own features…

⑸ 英語閱讀技巧

一）重視英語詞彙和習慣用法的積累

美國語言學家Driller (1978)根據詞彙統計特徵指出：如果我們認得25個最常見的英文單詞，平均每頁紙上的詞我們會認得33%；如果認得135個常用詞，則為50%；如果認得2500個，則為78%；如果認得5 000個，則為80%；一旦記得10 000個，可達92%。可見，閱讀能力的高低和詞彙量的大小是分不開的，目前大部分學生的詞彙量偏少, 這是影響閱讀能力提高的主要因素。那麼怎樣才能提高學生的詞彙量呢？

1． 構詞記憶法

據估計，英語詞彙有100萬到120萬，但大部分單詞是由構詞法構成的。構詞法包括派生、合成和轉化。在教學中，讓學生掌握常用的前綴（un/dis/im/il /super.）、後綴( ly/ less/ ful/ ment…)的含義及用法，就可以根據已知詞猜出它的派生詞，從而達到擴大詞彙的目的。如：前綴super 有超過，超越的含義，就可以猜出supermarket （超級市場）supernatural (超自然的)、 superman （超人）、superstar （超級明星）等詞的含義。。

2． 聯想記憶法

由一個詞聯想到和它有關或無關的詞，如看到live vi 生活，聯想到其他詞性及用法，如，直播的、活的等詞義。

3． 廣泛閱讀記憶法

「To read well, you need a strong vocabulary.. To build a strong vocabulary, you need to read well.」 這句名言道出了閱讀和詞彙量的關系。要有流利的閱讀，就必須有豐富的詞彙。大量的閱讀可以豐富你的詞彙。

（二） 牢固掌握語法知識

近年來的NMET閱讀理解短文的句式結構趨向復雜，語法知識在閱讀中的作用已經突顯出來。如在閱讀中遇到另人費解的長句、難句，就可以藉助語法，對句子進行適當的分析，搞清各部分的關系，從而准確理解整句的意思。以Decision-thinking is not unlike poker-it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.(NMET 2000) 為例。該句的29個詞中包含了主語從句，賓語從句、並列句和破折號連接的附加說明等多種關系。其中並列句中又有復合句，復合句中又有並列句。只有把句子的成分一一理清，才能掌握其意思。

（三）、積累一定的文化背景知識和生活知識

英語閱讀能力的提高不僅需要一定的語言知識，還要有一定的文化背景知識和生活知識。例如在NMET2003的閱讀理解A篇，該篇選材涉及地理，介紹了兩座farthest/ most distant inhabited islands，一個為Guinness Book of Records 所認定的Tristan da Cunha;另一為復活島（Easter Island）文章中出現了較多的專有名詞，對於閱讀經驗不足的同學會形成干擾，而對於那些對Easter Day 等背景知識了解的同學，相對就會好些。另外在C篇中，出現了書刊號，如果熟悉這些，就會減少好多閱讀困難。

（四）培養良好的閱讀習慣，掌握有效的閱讀技巧

要養成良好的閱讀習慣，就要求平時多朗讀，背誦精彩段落和文章，以培養語感。另外，有的同學在閱讀時出聲讀、點讀或回讀，這些不良習慣都會影響閱讀速度和對文章的理解。所以要克服這些不良習慣，作到不回讀，不聲讀，不點讀等。只有這樣，閱讀速度才能加快，理解的准確率才能提高。

除了良好的閱讀習慣外，也要掌握正確的閱讀技巧。教師要指導學生形成正確的思維方法。一般閱讀時應注意以下幾點：

1、略讀（Skimming）即迅速瀏覽全文，抓住文章大意和主題句，明確作者的態度和意圖。

2、跳讀（Skipping） 即快速查找某一相關信息，讀時要一目十行，對不相關的內容一帶而過。

3、猜測生詞(Guessing the new words) 在閱讀過程中，不可避免的會遇到生詞。如果一遇到生詞就去查字典，或跳過去不看，都會影響對文章的理解。這樣就要猜測生詞的意思。不同的語境，單詞的意思也就不一樣。所以要根據上下文線索和構詞法等知識去猜測。 快速閱讀四大法則
在閱讀英語材料時或是在考試過程中有很多人感到自己的閱讀速度實在是跟不上需要，有些朋友就認為是自己的英語基礎不行，然後就拚命的背單詞，其實如果能夠用正確的方法進行快速閱讀訓練的話，即使在原有的基礎上也可以在閱讀速度方面取得顯著的提高，更何況很多情況下根本就不是英
語基礎的問題。現在就讓我們來看看練習快速閱讀的四種方法。

1. 快速泛讀（fast extensive reading）

平時要養成快速泛讀的習慣。這里講的泛讀是指廣泛閱讀大量涉及不同領域的書籍，要求讀得快，理解和掌握書中的主要內容就可以了。要確定一個明確的讀書定額，定額要結合自己的實際，切實可行，可多可少。例如每天讀20頁，一個學期以18周計算，就可以讀21本中等厚度的書(每本書約120頁)。

2. 計時閱讀 (timed reading)

課余要養成計時閱讀的習慣。計時閱讀每次進行5～10分鍾即可，不宜太長。因為計時快速閱讀，精力高度集中，時間一長，容易疲勞、精力分散，反而乏味。閱讀時先記下「起讀時間」(starting time)，閱讀完畢，記下「止讀時間」(finishing time)，即可計算出本次閱讀速度。隨手記下，長期堅持，必定收到明顯效果。

3. 略讀 (skimming)

略讀又稱跳讀(reading and skipping)或瀏覽(glancing)，是一種專門的，非常實用的快速閱讀技能。所謂略讀，是指以盡可能快的速度閱讀，如同從飛機上鳥瞰(bird's eye view )地面上的明顯標志一樣，迅速獲取文章大意或中心思想。換句話說，略讀是要求讀者有選擇地進行閱讀，可跳過某些細節，以求抓住文章的大概，從而加快閱讀速度。據統計，訓練有素的略讀者(skimmer)的閱讀速度可以達到每分鍾3000到4000個詞。

閱讀時，先把文章粗略地瀏覽一下，看看文章中是否有自己工作和學習需要的或自己感興趣的資料和信息，然後確定這篇文章是否值得細讀。在查找資料時，如果沒有充分時間，而又不需要高度理解時，就可以運用略讀技巧。「不需要高度理解」並非指略讀時理解水平可以很低，而是說略低於一般閱讀速度所取得的理解水平是允許的。

一般閱讀的目標是在保持一般閱讀速度的條件下，獲得盡可能高的理解水平，通常達到70%或80%。略讀時，理解水平略低一些是預料之中的事，平均理解率達50%或60%就可以了。

略讀有下列四個特點：

(1)以極快的速度閱讀大量材料，尋找字面上或事實上的主要信息和少量的闡述信息。

(2)可以跳過某個部分或某些部分不讀。

(3)理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

(4)根據文章的難易程度和達到的目的，不斷靈活地調整閱讀速度。

略讀可以運用下列技巧：

(1)要利用印刷細節(typegraphical details)，如書或文章的標題、副標題、小標題、斜體詞、黑體詞、腳注、標點符號等，對書和文章進行預測略讀(preview skimming)。預測略讀要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式)，以便把握大意，有關的細節及其相互關系。

(2)以一般閱讀速度(200～250wpm)，閱讀文章開頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情況、作者的文章風格、口吻或語氣等。

(3)閱讀段落的主題句和結論句。抓住主題句就掌握了段落大意，然後略去細節不讀，以求得略讀速度。

(4)注意轉折詞和序列詞。轉折詞如however, moreover, in addition等；序列詞firstly, secondly等。

(5)若無需要，不必閱讀細節

⑹ 英語文章中表轉折和過渡的單詞有哪些

but if so whatever even although not only..but also... perhaps actually though such as..like... Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand Therefore, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result /For example, in other words

⑺ 英語閱讀理解中的常用轉折詞有哪些

however, but,

⑻ 英語閱讀策略有哪些

先看抄題目，了解題目襲大概問的是什麼，然後快速瀏覽全篇文章，掌握基本信息，如果此時已經能從文中劃出答題信息，那很好，如果找不出也沒關系，再次閱讀，不記得題目的話，就邊看題邊找答案，記住，答案一定在文中，所以盡量在文中把答案劃出來，也方便檢查。

⑼ 英語文章過渡銜接高級詞彙

你是想問什麼問題？