2005年考研英語一閱讀理解翻譯
Ⅰ 哪裡能找到考研英語05-09年真題閱讀理解的翻譯啊
我是買參考書,裡面很詳細。
Ⅱ 急求05—12年每年考研英語完型的全文翻譯
我09年考研 英語79分 告訴你 完型根本不用這么復習 在閱讀理解上下工夫就好了 所以你不必要完型的翻譯,就算需要 別人翻譯你拿現成的也不如你自己翻譯的提高的多
Ⅲ 2005考研英語一40-45題翻譯
估計沒有了,英語的分數太低了,今年的英語分數線估計得比去年的高.
Ⅳ 1996年-2005年考研英語閱讀譯文
去買書吧 周固的挺好的
Ⅳ 2005年考研英語閱讀翻譯
I can't see anything!
oh,so sorry, I have no that
Ⅵ 求2004年考研英語一翻譯真題及解析
(61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.
句子分析:
這是一個帶賓語從句,定語從句的復合句,其框架結構分析如下:
主句的主、謂結構:The Greeks assumed that 希臘人假定
賓語從句:the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought語言結構與思想的過程之間有某種聯系
定語從句:which took root in Europe(這種想法)紮根於歐洲
時間狀語從句:long before people realized how diverse language could be早在人們意識到語言會有多麼的不同之前
翻譯技巧:
此句可以採用層層剝繭的方法,先抓住整個句子的結構,然後再考慮具體的措詞問題。在理清了上述結構之後,還需注意下面幾個詞語的處理:
assumed 假定;認為;以為
the process of thought思想的過程;思維過程
took root生根;在…紮下了根
很多人不能正確理解這個動詞片語的意思,有的譯成了「起源於…..」,「在…….出現了」,有的譯成了「在….占統治地位」,都是不可接受的翻譯。
long before 早在…之前;「在…之前早就…」
考生的錯誤在於不能辨別long before所限定的時間順序,有譯成「在紮根歐洲很長時間之前」,「不久的將來人們就意識到…」, 也有譯成「很久以前人們就意識到…」。另外, 不要與before long(不久,不久以後)相混淆
diverse 「豐富;差異性;多樣性;千差萬別」
多數人犯錯是因為不認識該詞意思,憑印象根據拼寫類似詞而譯成「相反;倒轉;轉換」。
how diverse 多麼的不同;多麼的千差萬別
could be 可能會是(can 過去式)
完整的譯文:
希臘人認為,語言結構與思維的過程之間存在著某種聯系。這種想法,早在人們意識到語言會有多麼千差萬別之前在歐洲就已經根深蒂固了。以上是第一題,更多詳解可以找學鳴老師
Ⅶ 2005年真題閱讀 詞彙翻譯 考研英語
ever 此處為副詞,用於條件從句中,表示強調的目的。如果我們要長久的保護環境,那麼一定要保證這些新的電廠對於環境是安全的,這一點很重要了。
Ⅷ 05年碩士研究生入學考試英語閱讀理解試題譯文
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as 「all too human」, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of 「goods and services」 than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de waal's; study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber . Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to rece resentment in a female capuchin.
The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone, Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
人人都喜歡大幅加薪,但是當你知道一個同事薪水加得比你還要多的時候,那麼加薪帶給你的喜悅感就消失的無影無蹤了。如果他還以懶散出名的話,你甚至會變得怒不可遏。這種行為被看作是「人之長情」,其潛在的假定其他動物不可能具有如此高度發達的不公平意識。但是由喬治亞州亞特蘭大埃里莫大學的Sarah Brosnan 和Frans de Waal進行的一項研究表明,它也是「猴之常情」。這項研究成果剛剛發表在《自然》雜志上。
研究者們對雌性棕色卷尾猴的行為進行了研究。它們看起來很可愛,性格溫順,合作,樂於分享食物。最重要的是,就象女人們一樣,它們往往比雄性更關注「商品和服務」價值。這些特性使它們成為Brosnan 和 de Waal理想的研究對象。研究者們花了兩年的時間教這些猴子用代幣換取食物。正常情況下,猴子很願意用幾塊石頭換幾片黃瓜。但是,當兩個猴子被安置在隔開但相鄰的兩個房間里,能夠互相看見對方用石頭換回來什麼東西時,猴子的行為就會變的明顯不同。
在卷尾猴的世界裡,葡萄是奢侈品(比黃瓜受歡迎得多)。所以當一隻猴子用一個代幣換回一顆葡萄時,第二隻猴子就不願意用自己的代幣換回一片黃瓜。如果一隻猴子根本無需用代幣就能夠得到一顆葡萄的話,那麼另外一隻就會將代幣擲向研究人員或者扔出房間外,或者拒絕接受那片黃瓜。事實上,只要在另一房間里出現了葡萄(不管有沒有猴子吃它),都足以引起雌卷尾猴的怨恨。
研究人員指出,正如人類一樣,卷尾猴也受社會情感的影響。在野外,它們是相互合作的群居動物。只有當每隻猴子感到自己沒有受到欺騙時,這種合作才可能穩定。不公平而引起的憤怒感似乎不是人類的專利。拒絕接受較少的酬勞可以讓這些情緒准確無誤地傳達給其它成員。但是這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上各自獨立演化而成,還是來自三千五百萬前他們共同的祖先,這還是一個懸而未決的問題。
Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.
There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report 「Science never has all the answers .But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.」
Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.
Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research-a classic case of 「paralysis by analysis」.
To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures .A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private instry is a promising start Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.
還記得科學家們認為吸煙會致人死亡,而那些懷疑者們卻堅持認為我們無法對此得出定論的時候嗎?還記得懷疑者們堅持認為缺乏決定性的證據,科學也不確定的時候嗎?還記得懷疑者們堅持認為反對吸煙的游說是為了毀掉我們的生活方式,而政府應該置身事外的時候嗎?許多美國人相信了這些胡言亂語,在三十多年中,差不多有一千萬煙民早早的進了墳墓。
現在出現了與吸煙類似的令人感到難過的事情。科學家們前仆後繼,試圖使我們意識到全球氣候變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅。最近的行動是由白宮召集了一批來自國家科學院的專家團,他們告訴我們,地球氣候毫無疑問正在變暖,而這個問題主要是人為造成的。明確的信息表明是我們應該立刻著手保護自己。國家科學院院長Bruce Alberts在專家團報告的前言中加上了這一重要觀點:「科學解答不了所有問題。但是科學確實為我們的未來提供了最好的指導,關鍵是我們的國家和整個的世界在做重要決策時,應該以科學能夠提供的關於人類現在的行為對未來影響最好的判斷作為依據。
就象吸煙問題一樣,來自不同領域的聲音堅持認為有關全球變暖的科學資料還不完整。在我們證實這件事之前可以向大氣中不斷的排放氣體。這是一個危險的游戲;到了有百分之百的證據的時候,可能就太晚了。隨著風險越來越明顯,並且不斷增加,一個謹慎的民族現在應該准備一份保單了。
幸運的是,白宮開始關注這件事了。但是顯然大多數總統顧問並沒有認真看待全球氣候變暖這個問題。他們沒有出台行動計劃,相反只是繼續迫切要求進行更多的研究――這是一個經典的「分析導致麻痹案例」。
為了成為地球上有責任心的一員,我們必須積極推進對於大氣和海洋的深入研究。但只有研究是不夠的。如果政府不爭取立法上的主動權,國會就應該幫助政府開始採取保護措施。弗吉尼亞的民主黨議員Robert Byrd提出一項議案,從經濟上激勵私企,就是一個良好的開端。許多人看到這個國家正准備修建許多新的發電廠,以滿足我們的能源需求。如果我們准備保護大氣,關鍵要讓這些新發電廠對環境無害。
Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just 「mental noise」 the random byprocts of the neural-repair work that goes on ring sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is 「off-line」. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. 「It's your dream」 says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. 「If you don't like it , change it.」
Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active ring REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams occur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, the limbic system (the 「emotional brain」)is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. 「We wake up from dreams happy of depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day」 says Stanford sleep researcher Dr, William Dement.
The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright』s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated ring the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don』t always think about the emotional significance of the day』s events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.
And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead, the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of 「we wake u in a panic,」 Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.
在高質量睡眠的所有因素中,夢似乎是最無法控制的一個。在夢中,窗戶通向的世界裡,邏輯暫時失去了效用,死人開口說話。一個世紀前,弗洛伊德闡述了革命性的理論,即夢是人們潛意識中慾望和恐懼經偽裝後的預示;到了20世紀70年代末期,神經病學家們轉而認為夢是「精神噪音」,即睡眠時進行的神經修復活動的一種雜亂的副產品。目前,研究人員猜想夢是大腦情感自動調節系統的組成部分,當大腦處於「掉線」狀態時對情緒進行規整。一名主要的權威人士說,夢這種異常強烈的精神活動不僅能被駕馭,事實上還可以有意識地加以控制,以幫助我們更好地睡眠和感覺。芝加哥醫療中心心裡學系主任 Rosalind Cartwright說「夢是你自己的,如果你不喜歡,就改變它。」
大腦造影的證據支持了以上觀點。匹茲堡大學的埃里克博士說,在出現清晰夢境的快速動眼睡眠中大腦和完全清醒時一樣活躍。但並非大腦的所有部分都一樣,腦邊緣系統(「情緒大腦」)異常活躍,而前額皮層(思維和推理的中心地帶)則相對平靜大。斯坦福睡眠研究員William Dement博士說:「我們從夢中醒來,或者高興或者沮喪,這些情緒會伴隨我們一整天。」
夢和情緒之間的聯系在Cartwright的診所的病人身上顯露出來了。多數人似乎在晚上入睡的較早階段做更多不好的夢,而在快睡醒前會逐漸做開心一些的夢,這說明人們在夢里漸漸克服了白天的不良情緒。因為清醒時我們的頭腦被日常瑣事占據著,所以並不總是想到白天發生的事情對我們情緒的影響,直到我們開始做夢,這種影響才出現。
這一過程不一定是無意識的。Cartwright認為人們可以練習有意識地控制噩夢的重演。你一醒來就立刻確定夢中有什麼在困擾你,設想一下你所希望的夢的結局,下次再做同樣的夢時,試圖醒來以控制它的進程。通過多次練習,人們完全可以學會在夢中這樣做。
Cartwright說,說到底,只要夢不使我們無法睡眠或「從夢中驚醒」,就沒有理由太在意所做的夢。恐怖主義、經濟不確定及通常的不安全感都增加了人們的焦慮。那些長期受到噩夢折磨的人應該尋求專家幫助,而對其他人來說,大腦有自動消除不良情緒的方法。安心睡覺甚至做夢,早上醒來時你會感覺好多了。
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing:The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in ecation. Mr.McWhorter』s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the graal disappearance of 「whom」 ,for example, to be natural and no more regranttable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, 「doing our own thing」, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly ecated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas .He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical ecation reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English 「on paper plates instead of china」. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.
美國人已不再期待公眾人物在演講或寫作中能運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語,而公眾人物自己也不渴望這樣。語言學家麥荷特喜好爭論,他的觀點混雜著自由派與保守派的看法。在他最近的書《做我們自己的事:語言和音樂的退化,以及為什麼我們應該喜歡或在意?》中,這位學者認為60年代反文化運動的勝利要對正式英語的退化負責。
責備放縱的六十年代不是什麼新鮮事,但這次算不上是對教育衰落的又一場批判。麥荷特先生的學術專長在於語言史和語言演變。舉例來說,他認為「whom」一詞的逐漸消失是自然的,並不比古英語中詞格尾綴的消失更讓人惋惜。
然而,「做自己的事」這一對事務真實性和個人性的崇高信條,已經導致了正式演講、寫作、詩歌及音樂的消亡。在20世紀60年代以前,僅受過一般教育的人在下筆時都會尋求一種更高雅的強調;而那之後,即使是最受關注的文章也開始逮住口語就寫在紙面上。同樣的,對於詩歌來說,非常個性化和富有表現力的創作風格成為了能夠表達真實生動含義的唯一形式。無論作為口語還是書面語的英語,隨意言談勝過雅緻的言辭,自我發揮也壓過了精心准備。
麥荷特顯示先生從上層和下層文化中列舉了一系列有趣的例子,從而說明他記錄的這種趨勢是確鑿無誤的。但就書中副標題中的疑問:為什麼我們應該、喜歡或在意,答案卻不夠明確。作為語言學家,麥荷特認為各種各樣的人類語言,包括像黑人語言這樣的非標准語言,都具有強大的表達力――世上沒有傳達不了復雜思想的語言或方言。不像其他大多數人,麥荷特先生並不認為我們說話方式不再規范就會使我們不能夠准確的思考。
俄羅斯人深愛自己的語言,並在腦海中存儲了大量詩歌;而義大利的政客們往往精心准備演講,即使這在大多數講英語的人們眼裡已經過時。麥荷特先生認為正式語言並非不可或缺,也沒有提出要進行徹底的教育改革――他其實只是為那些美好事務而不是實用品的消逝而哀嘆。我們現在用「紙盤子」而非「瓷盤子」裝著我們的英語大餐。真是慚愧啊,但很可能已無法避免。
Ⅸ 誰能貼一下2006年考研英語真題閱讀理解和翻譯部分的全文翻譯
唐山市地處環渤海地區中心地帶,北依燕山,南臨渤海,東與秦皇島市接壤,西與京、津毗鄰,是一座有百年歷史的重工業城市。唐山市海岸線長196.5公里,總面積1.3472萬平方公里,總人口704萬,其中市區面積3874平方公里,人口293.27萬。唐山市國民生產總值連續幾年在中國超200億的城市中排名前25位,2002年的國民生產總值達1102億元,佔全省國民生產總值六分之一強。 唐山市地處河北東部,依山傍海。年平均氣溫為11℃,無霜期180天以上,年平均降雨量為760毫米,多集中在7月和8月。唐山市的大型供水工程有潘家口水庫、大黑汀水庫、邱庄水庫、陡河水庫等。 唐山市的礦產資源有煤、鐵、石油、黃金、大理石、石灰岩、高嶺土等47種。唐山與鞍山、本溪並稱中國三大鐵礦區,又是中國焦煤的主產區之一,冀東是著名的產金區之一。另外,唐山市還分布著廣泛的冶金輔料、陶瓷建材等非金屬,其中石灰岩資源分布比較集中。開灤(集團)有限責任公司、首鋼遷安鐵礦、冀東水泥集團有限責任公司、唐山陶瓷集團有限公司、金廠峪金礦等是開發上述資源的典型代表。 基礎設施 唐山是1976年7.8級地震後重建的城市,市區功能分布合理、市政設施配套、抗震性能良好、環境清新優美。人均居住面積、供熱普及率、燃氣氣化率、自來水普及率均居全國城市前列,1990年榮獲聯合國頒發的"人居榮譽獎"。唐山交通方便,京哈、通坨、京秦、大秦四條鐵路干線橫貫全境。高速公路發達密集,京沈、唐津、唐港、西外環四條高速公路在境內交匯互通,構成了獨特壯觀的"O+X"型高速公路網路,總里程達288公里,高速公路的密度達到發達國家水平,被國家列為全國45個公路主樞紐城市之一。唐山的水路運輸能力持續增長,與北京聯合興建的京唐港是中國北方的重要出海口,港口貨物吞吐量突破1400萬噸,躋身全國港口20強。唐山已經形成以鐵路、公路和海運為主體的綜合運營體系,為經濟的持續發展奠定了堅實的基礎。 經濟概況 工業:唐山被譽為中國近代工業的搖籃。這里礦產資源豐富,工業歷史悠久。中國的第一袋機制水泥、第一座機械化礦井、第一條標准軌距鐵路、第一台蒸汽機車和第一件衛生陶瓷都是在這里誕生的。經過一百多年的發展,唐山已成為全國重要的能源、原材料工業基地,形成了以煤炭、鋼鐵、電力、建材、機械、化工、陶瓷、紡織、造紙、食品為主的十大支柱產業。開灤(集團)有限責任公司、唐山鋼鐵集團有限責任公司、唐山發電總廠、冀東水泥集團有限責任公司、唐山陶瓷集團有限公司、惠達陶瓷集團、南堡鹽場、唐山三友鹼業集團等大型企業集團,在全國同行業中佔有重要地位。隨著產業結構的調整和技術革命步伐的加快,高新技術又為傳統工業注入了新的活力。 農業:唐山農業自然資源豐富,北部山區盛產核桃、蘋果、梨、桃、紅果等干鮮果品,京東板栗在國內外久負盛名。中部平原盛產玉米、小麥、水稻等糧食作物和棉花、花生等經濟作物。南部沿海既是渤海灣的重要漁場,又是著名的長蘆鹽的重要產區。沿海陸域海岸線長達196.5公里,在74萬畝的沿海灘塗中,有55萬畝適宜發展海水養殖業。"東方對蝦"享譽中外,唐山的海、淡水魚、蝦、貝類、河蟹等水產品產量均居河北省第一位。唐山佔山海之利,在大規模開發中正在向農業產業化和外向化邁進。為促進農業經濟結構的戰略性調整,唐山市把發展乳業、瘦肉型豬、花生、果菜、板栗、水產產業六大龍型經濟作為區域特色經濟,使唐山成為京津和東北地區重要的副食品基地。 商貿業:唐山市的商業貿易比較繁榮,隨著全市經濟和居民收入的穩步增長,居民消費水平和檔次逐步提高,有力拉動了消費品市場的發展。2002年,全市社會消費品零售總額達277.35億元。基本形成了布局合理、結構配套、連接城鄉的市場網路。2002年,全市集貿市場個數發展到545個,其中各類專業市場115個。城鄉集市貿易實現成交額296.9億元。唐山市路南區小山市場、唐山市荷花坑市場、豐潤縣冀東膠合板批發市場、玉田縣鴉鴻橋小商品批發市場的成交額均超過20億元。大型超市、連鎖店發展迅速。2002年唐山百貨大樓(集團)公司的年銷售額達到8.5億元。市場物價平穩,2002年,全市居民消費價格指數為98.6%。 旅遊 唐山旅遊景觀獨特。清東陵是中國現存規模最大、建築體系最完整的皇家陵寢,2000年,被列入世界文化遺產名錄。唐山北部山區橫亘著蜿蜒起伏的長城,它長達200多公里,囊括了整個明代長城的精華。景忠山廟宇宏偉壯觀,是佛事聖地。潘家口、大黑汀兩大水庫氣勢雄偉,水下長城堪稱一絕。南部沿海的菩提島、月坨島和金沙島成鼎足之勢,是天然的海中植物園。位於京唐港的金銀灘是遊人留連往返的海濱浴場。記錄地震歷史的抗震紀念碑、抗震紀念館和經國務院批准重點保護的7處地震遺址,成為市中心區的獨特景觀。這里還是革命先驅李大釗的故鄉,大釗紀念館向後人展示著中國近代史的畫卷。此外,現代化農業和別具一格的農村風情也成為觀光旅遊的熱點。 對外開放 1988年,唐山被國家列為沿海對外經濟開放地區之後,國民經濟出現了持續、快速、穩健的發展勢頭。隨著中國加入WTO,更為唐山帶來了新的發展機遇。目前,全市共有500多家出口企業,出口商品達39大類、270個品種。2002年全市投產三資企業近千家,出口創匯1.84億美元。唐山擁有三大經濟技術開發區。高新經濟技術開發區位於唐山市郊,是開放型科技經濟區,它以服務周到、寬松優惠的投資環境,成為外商的投資熱點。南堡經濟技術開發區正在向現代化的濱海化工城邁進。精細化工園區和加工園區以完備的設施和熱情的服務吸引著各國客商到此投資興業。海港經濟技術開發區構築了全方位開放的新格局,它擁有國家認定的保稅倉庫,形成了前景廣闊的海濱城市雛形。目前,唐山與120多個國家和地區保持密切的經濟往來,正在成為外商投資的熱點地區。全市外資企業近千家,日本三井物產、松下、豐田、NGK、伊藤忠、美國聯合能源、英國BOC、德國西門子、法國達能、香港華潤、長江基建、台灣曄聯和庄頭北等一批國際知名的大企業財團在唐山都設有企業。開放的唐山用優良的人文環境、穩定的法制環境和高效的服務環境,敞開大門,敞開胸懷,迎接全世界的來客。隨著唐山對外開放力度的不斷加大,對外交往日趨密切。近幾年來,唐山市先後與瑞典的馬爾墨市、日本的酒田市、英國的林肯市和美國的塞達拉皮茲市結為友好城市,使唐山在國際上的知名度越來越高。