一篇長篇英語閱讀

『壹』 求這篇英語長篇閱讀的答案。急啊，在線等。

參考：
CHICAGO (AP) _ Blogs are everywhere _ increasingly, the place where young people go to bare their souls, to vent, to gossip. And often they do so with unabashed fervor and little self-editing, posting their innermost thoughts for any number of Web surfers to see.
There is a freedom in it, as 23-year-old Allison Martin attests: "Since the people who read my blog are friends or acquaintances of mine, my philosophy is to be totally honest _ whether it's about how uncomfortable my panty hose are or my opinions about First Amendment law," says Martin, who lives in Elk Grove Village and has been blogging for four years.
Some are, however, finding that putting one's life online can have a price. A few bloggers, for instance, have been fired for writing about work on personal online journals. And Maya Marcel-Keyes, daughter of conservative politician Alan Keyes, discovered the trickiness of providing personal details online when her discussions on her blog about being a lesbian became an issue ring her father's recent run for a U.S. Senate seat in Illinois (he made anti-gay statements ring the campaign).
Experts say such incidents belong to a growing trend in which frank outpourings online are causing personal and public dramas, often taking on a life they wouldn't have if the Web had not come along and turned indivials into publishers.
Some also speculate that more scandalous blog entries _ especially those about partying and dating exploits _ will have ramifications down the road.
"I would bet that in the 2016 election, somebody's Facebook entry will come back to bite them," Steve Jones, head of the communications department at the University of Illinois at Chicago, says, referring to thefacebook.com, a networking site for college students and alumni that is something of a cross between a yearbook and a blog.
More traditional blog sites - which allow easy creation of a Web site with text, photos and often music - include Xanga, LiveJournal and MySpace. And they've gotten more popular in recent years, especially among the younger set.
Surveys completed in recent months by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that nearly a fifth of teens who have access to the Web have their own blogs. And 38 percent of teens say they read other people's blogs.
By comparison, about a tenth of alts have their own blogs and a quarter say they read other people's online journals.
Amanda Lenhart, a researcher at Pew who tracks young people's Internet habits, says she's increasingly hearing stories about the perils of posting the equivalent of a diary online.
She heard from one man whose niece was a college student looking for a job. Out of curiosity, he typed his niece's name into a search engine and quickly found her blog, with a title that began "The Drunken Musings of ...."
"He wrote to her and said, 'You may want to think about taking this down,"' said Lenhart, chuckling.
Other times, the ease of posting unedited thoughts on the Web can be uglier, in part because of the speed with which the postings spread and multiply.
That's what happened at a middle school in Michigan last fall, when principals started receiving complaints from parents about some students' blog postings on Xanga. School officials couldn't do much about it. But when the students found out they were being monitored, a few posted threatening comments aimed at an assistant principal - and that led to some student suspensions.
"It was just a spiraling of downward emotions," says the school's principal. She spoke on the condition that she and her school not be identified, out of fear that being named would cause another Web frenzy.
"Kids just feed into to that and then more kids see it and so on," she says. "It's a negative power - but it's still a power."
Lenhart, the Pew researcher, likens blogs to the introction of the telephone and the effect it had on teen's ability to communicate in the last century. She agrees that the Web has "increased the scope" of young people's communication even more.
"But at the root of it, we're talking about behaviors middle-schoolers have engaged in through the millennia," Lenhart says. "The march of technology forward is hard, and it has consequences that we don't always see."
She says parents would be wise to familiarize themselves with online blogging sites and to pose questions to their children such as, "What is appropriate?" and "What is fair?" to post.
It's also important to discuss the dangers of giving out personal information online.
One Pew survey released this spring found that 79 percent of teens agreed that people their age aren't careful enough when giving out information about themselves online. And increasingly, Lenhart says, this applies to blogs.
Caitlin Hoistion, a 15-year-old in Neptune, N.J., says she knows people who go as far as posting their cell phone numbers on their blogs _ something she doesn't do. She also often shows her postings to her mom, which has helped her mom give her some space and privacy online.
"That's not to say if I thought something dangerous was going on, I wouldn't ever spy on her," says her mother, Melissa Hoistion. "But she has given me no need to do so."
Many college students say they're learning to take precautions on their own.
John Malloy, a 19-year-old student at Centre College in Danville, Ky., has put a "friends lock" on his LiveJournal site so only people with a password he supplies can view it.
"A lot of times, my blog is among the first places I turn when I am angry or frustrated, and I am often quite unfair in my assessment of my situation in these posts," Malloy says. "Do I wish I hadn't posted? Of course. But I haven't actually gone as far to take posts down."
Instead he makes them "private" so only he can read them.
"I like to keep them to look back on," he says.
Meanwhile, Joseph Milliron, a 23-year-old college student in California, says he's become more cautious about posting photos online because people sometimes "borrow" them for their own sites.
It's just one trend that's made Milliron rethink what he includes in his blog.
"I know this very conspiracy theorist _ but I wouldn't put it past a clever criminal to warehouse different databases and wait 20 years when all the Internet youth's indiscretions can be used for surreptitious purposes," says the senior at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, who's been blogging for about three years.
Martin, the 23-year-old blogger in Elk Grove Village, agrees that blogs can "provide just one more avenue for a person to embarrass him or herself."
"They also make it easier for people to tell everyone what a jerk you are," says Martin, who'll be heading to graate school in Virginia this fall.
Still, she thinks blogging is worth it _ to stay in touch with friends and to air her more creative work, including essays.
"I suppose in that way," she says, "I think of blogs as 'open mic nights' online."

『貳』 英語四級中仔細閱讀和長篇閱讀分別指的是哪部分

閱讀題復型有3類：選詞填空、制長篇閱讀和仔細閱讀，除開第一部分的選詞填空，剩下的兩部分就分別是長篇閱讀和仔細閱讀。

【https://www.acadsoc.com】四級閱讀一定要多做真題，點擊藍字鏈接，外教帶你備戰四級考試！

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『叄』 英語長篇閱讀summary怎麼寫

讀通後，劃出重點句子，就是那些表明背景時間，事件有很大轉折的句子，多畫一點也沒事，然後用自己的語言合並改編這些句子，再篩出一些去，稍作修改就可以了。
可以參考新概念英語第三四冊裡面的summary writing，就是將長文章寫成summary
這時我自己寫的時候的方法，希望能幫到你

『肆』 英語長篇閱讀範文

Dear friend,
My name is Sally. I am from China. I want a pen pal in Australia. I am 14 years old. I have no brothers or sisters in my family. MY favorite subject in school is science, because I think it』s very interesting. I like playing the piano and playing basketball on weekends. How about you? Can you write and tell me something about yourself?
Yours,
Sally

『伍』 誰有高考英語閱讀理解長篇的題目，越多越好

Passage 1
Up，Up，and Away！
Anadventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on aclusterof balloons has launched a house into the sky just like inthe hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record．
FearlessTrappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the LeonInternational Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago．
The38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his plannedtrans-Atlantic flight scheled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge heliumballoons．
Thebrave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch intothe ocean ring the danger-filled adventure．
Hesill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altituderecord of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previousworld record of 230 miles in order to succeed．
Theadventurer Trappe，who holds records forcrossing the Alps，flying the most clusterballoons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to thisambitious plan．
「』t wake up one day and think：『I』 going to fly acrossthe Atlantic，』」he said．「Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I』ve been training for a long time」．
1．The adventurer flew acrossthe English Channel to__________．
A．test the balloons B．launch a house
C．shoot a hit movie D．prepare for breaking a record
2．To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________．
A．2500 miles B．18，000 feet C．25，000 feet D．230 miles
3．About the ambitiousjourney，which is NOT mentioned in thepassage?
A．When he will fly B．How high he sill fly
C．How far he will fly D．How long it will take him
4．How many world recordsdoes Jonathan hold?
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
5．What does he lastparagraph imply?
A．Trappe can』t sleepworrying about the adventure
B．Trappe was born to set world records
C．Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind
D．Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlanticbefore

Passage 2
Everyday we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will askus some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out aboutthese topics，remember that they must be able tohear what you are saying．You are not taking part ina family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightlyunnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so thatthey can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying toshout or appearing to force yourself．
Remember，too，that it is the same if you are calledto an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a governmentofficial who might meet you．The person you are seeingwill try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different fromthat of a ordinary conversation．You must take special carethat you can be heard．
1．When you speak to theclass，you should speak ______．
A．as slowly as possible B．in a low voice C．loudly D．forcefully
2．Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______．
A．noisy B．quiet C．having a rest D．serious
3 The situation in the class is ______ that in yourhouse．
A．not very different from B．sometimes the same as
C．sometimes not the same as D．not the same as
4．If you are having aconversation with an official，the most important thingfor you is ______．
A．to show your ability B．to be very gentle
C．to make sure that you can be heard D．to put the official at ease
5．The main idea of thispassage is ______．
A．that we should talk indifferent ways in different situations
B．that we must speak loudly
C．that we must keep silent at any time
D．that we must talk with the class

Passage 3
About21，000 young people in 17 Americanstates do not attend classes in school buildings．
Instead，they receive their elementary and high school ecation by working athome on computers．The Center for EcationReform says the United States has 67 public 「cyberschools．」 and that is about twice as many as two years ago．
The money for students to attend a cyberschoolcomes from the governments of the states where they live．Some ecators say cyberschools receive money that should supporttraditional public schools．They also say it isdifficult to know if students are learning well．
Other ecators praise this new form of ecation for letting studentswork at their own speed．These people saycyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditionalschools．They say learning at home by computerends long bus rides for children who live far from school．
Whatever the judgement of cyberschools，they are getting more andmore popular．For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take instudents this fall．It will serve children inthe state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen．
Children get free equipment for their online ecation．This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talkwith teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers whennecessary．
Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania CyberCharter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honorat their graation．
1．What do we know from thetext about students of a cyberschool？
A．They have to take long bus rides toschool．
B．They study at home rather than inclassrooms．
C．They receive money from traditionalpublic schools．
D．They do well in traditional schoolprograms．
2．What is a problem withcyberschools？
A．Their equipment costs a lot of money．
B．They get little support from thestate government．
C．It is hard to know students' progressin learning．
D．The students find it hard to makefriends．
3．Cyberschools are gettingpopular became _______．
A．they are less expensivefor students
B．their students can work at their own speed
C．their graates are moresuccessful in society
D．they serve students in a wider age range
4．We can infer that theauthor of the text is _______．
A．unprejudiced in hisdescription of cyberschools
B．excited about the future ofcyberschools
C．doubtful about the qualityof cyberschoois
D．disappointed at the development ofcyberschools

『陸』 英語長篇閱讀理解題

Around the World in 20 Days

Bertrand: In many people』s eyes, a round-the-world balloon flight was the last great challenge in aviation. The winter of 1998-99 was time of high anxiety. Five other teams were preparing to launch in various parts of the world. This would be my third, and last, attempt underwritten by the Breitling watch company. The weather was terrible, and February was drawing to a close. Normally the end of the month marked the end of the season for ballooning attempts. I was in despair. But early on February 24, 1999, the telephone rang. It was Luc Trullemans, one of our meteorologists.
「, there』s a really good slot coming on the first of March!」 he exclaimed. Trullemans and fellow meteorologist Pierre Eckert felt sure we could swing the balloon around the edge of a big depression forming over the Mediterranean by flying counterclockwise—going down over France and Spain. Then we would be carried eastward over Africa.
Brian Jones, my British co-pilot, and I knew if the weather turned, we would fail. But if we waited for next year, somebody else might succeed in the interim.
A balloon piloted by British tycoon Richard Branson hand gone down in the Pacific, but one sponsored by Britain』s Cable & Wireless and piloted by Andy Elson and Colin Prescot had already been aloft for seven days. On Sunday, February 28, we struggled to make the crucial decision: carry on or not? Brian and I knew this was our last chance for 1999. Alan Noble, our flight director, and Don Cameron, head of the firm that built the balloon, were far from being positive. 「From the weather maps,」 they said, 「we don』t see how you can get around the world.」
「You get them up there,」 argued Luc, 「and I』ll get them around.」
Following meteorological assurances, Alan said, 「I think we can go.」 We put it to a vote of the whole team, and the show of hands to take off was unanimous. By five the next morning, Brian and I were both wide awake. After years of preparation and dashed hopes, the moment was upon us.
The launch teams had started inflation at 3 a.m. on March 1. The balloon was designed to function with a combination of hot air and helium. During the day the sun heats the helium, causing it to expand and make the balloon climb. At night propane is burned to heat the gas, maintaining the balloon』s lift.
Our meteorologists would work out the trajectories, then we would travel along with the moving weather all the way around the world.
As down broke, the wind began to blow and gust. Since any strong wind might damage the envelope and dash the gondola against the ground, we knew we had to take off soon.
At 8 a.m., Brian and I climbed in and closed the rear hatch. High above us the Mylar envelope was crackling. Hair-raising noises started to emanate from the gondola. Supplies and equipment kept tumbling onto the floor.
Unable to risk disaster any longer, Alan waited for one more big bounce and severed the restraining rope with his Swiss Army knife.
As we rose into the sky, he thousands who had assembled were screaming. Church bells were ringing. A fire engine』s siren was wailing. This enthusiasm seemed to propel us into the sky.
Brian: My first task was to be carried out atop the gondola, so before takeoff I climbed out through the top hatch and sat. a heavy double railing ringed the area, and we took off with such a jerk, I hat to cling tight to it.
Bertrand and I were both amazed by the speed at which we went up. The balloon finally stopped climbing at 1,000 feet when we hit an inversion layer—the level at which cold air close to the ground meets warmer air above. It acts like an invisible barrier.
Bertrand called out, 「One bag of sand!」 I started pouring 33 pounds of ballast down a tube that sent the sand clear of the capsule.
A moment later he shouted, 「Look out, I』m going to burn!」 The propane jets and blue flames roared six feet up, warming the helium. We started to climb again. I scrambled back into the gondola, and we sealed the hatch. We were on our way.
Bertrand: By sunset our first problems set in. the pilot lights on the burners began to act erratically, and every few seconds we had to manually ignite the burners.
More worrisome was the fact that we thought we were using far too much propane to maintain our height. It looked as though our chances of making it were perilously slim. But the first pair of fuel tanks held out until the evening of day two, exceeding our expectations. And that was a huge encouragement.
As we entered Moroccan airspace, I was rewarded by one of the most magnificent sights. I had ever seen: an absolutely incredible view of the Atlas Mountains with a full moon. We had been told how boring it would be to fly over the Sahara, but on the next day the views that unfolded were fabulous. For me, the desert was alive. The light was alive, and the sand was alive, full of different colors, different shapes, like the bottom of the sea. I spent hours staring at the desert, feeling its strangeness.
Brian: Early in the morning of March 4 the plan called for releasing our four empty auxiliary tanks. That meant an EVA—extravehicular activity—to cut them free. We also wanted to get rid of the ice that had formed from riding in the freezing high altitudes. As we descended to 10,000 feet, our adrenaline was flowing.
When we opened the hatch and climbed out, we found icicles that were ten feet long dangling from the envelope』s skirt. While I concentrated on fixing the faulty ignition system, Bertrand went about attacking the icicles with a fire ax. He commented that it was probably the first time that ice had rained on the Sahara in several thousand years.
With Bertrand holding one of my ankles, I reached out and freed one of the empty tanks. We watched it tumbling all the way to the ground. A puff of sand marked where it slammed into the desert. If it buried itself, I thought, it might lie there for a couple of millennia before some archeologist g it up.
By then we had finished our counterclockwise swing and were at last heading east, just as our meteorologists had predicted. The air was warm; the sky cloudless. Below us stretched sand and rock as far as the eye could see.
Bertrand: We were over Yemen and two days from the Indian subcontinent when an astonishing message came in from our ground crew: 「The cable & Wireless control room says their balloon is landing 70 miles off the coast of Japan. The balloon iced up. Search and rescue are with them.」 Now we were the only ones in the race.
I was desperate to pass on the news to Brian, and when he finally stuck his head out of the sleeping bunk hours later, I said, 「I』ve got the most incredible news.」
He instantly said, 「Andy』s down.」
Meanwhile I spoke to Luc, who confirmed that our position was perfect for enter China at the right point. We had guaranteed them we would keep south of 26 degrees latitude. If we found ourselves straying north of the limit, we would come down.
Brian: Heading for Myanmar (formerly Burma), we found we were graally creeping north toward the 26th parallel. This kept us on tenterhooks. But back in Geneva our weathermen were telling us we had to go right up almost to the boundary. Once there, the wind would take us e east.
On the way we had the following exchange with a Myanmar air controller.
Tower: 「What is your departure point and destination?」
Me: 「Departure point, Switzerland. Destination, northern Africa.」
Tower: (after several seconds of silence) 「If you』re going from Switzerland to northern Africa, what in hell are you doing in Myanmar?」
Shortly before down on the morning of March 10 we arrived at the Chinese border. The Chinese had seen us coming and sent the message: 「Your balloon』s heading for the prohibited zone. It must land.」
Bertrand: It was amazing. We skimmed across a 1,300-mile-long corridor straight as an arrow, with the 26th parallel never more than 30 miles away. Our meteorologists had sent us on a swirling trajectory of 8,100 miles, then through the eye of a needle.
By March 11 we were heading out over the Pacific. Faced by 8,000 miles of water, I felt as if I had stepped onto the edge of the abyss.
I picked up my pen and wrote: 「This is exactly my definition of adventure, a point at which you hat to dig inside yourself to find the courage to deal with what may lie ahead.」
On Saturday, March 13, we were still over the Pacific. Our meteorologists said our speed would improve from our miserable 35 knots to 100 knots once we climbed into the jet stream. By Tuesday it would increase to 120.
Our propane reserves seemed perilously small. We had already burned two-thirds of our fuel and yet covered only half our course. everything depended on our weathermen: If they were right, we had a chance. If they were wrong, we were doomed.
Brian: Like Bertrand, I was thoroughly on edge over the Pacific. After seven days above the water, we at last made the coast of Mexico. Later that night, lying there, I found it had to breath. And it was not until I got up that I realized something was seriously wrong. I found Bertrand in the pilot』s seat, slumped against the bulkhead, gasping. He crawled into the bunk wearing an oxygen mask.
Our symptoms were not those of hypoxia, and the instruments monitoring the CO2 levels had not signaled any alarm. But despite this, we felt that we were slowing being asphyxiated. People on the ground started telephoning doctors in a frantic search for clues to what could be wrong with us. I was also wearing my oxygen mask, and after a few minutes of breathing pure oxygen, my head cleared. I thought, I Screw the instruments, and changed both the CO2 and the carbon filters. The symptoms graally began to disappear.
We crossed Mexico in a day and were soon out over the Caribbean. Reporting to air-traffic control in Kingston, Jamaica, I heard a female controller with a delicious voice ask what we were doing.
「We took off from Switzerland,」 I answered. 「We』re hoping to get around the world.」
「You guys sure are taking a chance!」 she said.
She was right. Our fuel was critically short, and nobody was sure if we had enough to get across the Atlantic. Alan Nobel suggested we make our decision over Puerto Rico.
Bertrand: By March 18 it was time to decide. With cameras from all over the world focused on him, Alan got on the phone with us. When we had run through the agreed-upon formalities, Alan said, 「I think you can go for it.」
「Bertrand!」 cried Brian. 「Tell him we』re going.」
「We』re not going to quit,」 I told Alan. 「Even if we ditch in mid-Atlantic, we go for it.」
Our weathermen guided us into the middle of the jet stream, and our speed increased as we shot out over the Atlantic. But cursing at 15,000 feet, the cold was intense and our heaters had failed. The temperature inside was 28.4 F, and our water supply froze.
On March 20 came good news. Our navigation computer told us we had made landfall. We had crossed the Atlantic, and at 6:15 GMT, or Greenwich Mean Time, when the sun came over the horizon, I again saw the desert I had loved so much 20 days earlier. Now the finish line was only 300 miles away, about three hours』 time.
When we crossed the line at 9:54 GMT, Brian and I stood up and embraced, slapping each other on the back and shouting, 「We』ve done it! We』ve done it.」
The next morning, after the longest flight in distance and ration ever made by a free balloon, we landed in the Egyptian desert. Brian sent this fax: 「The Eagle has landed. All okay. Bloody good.」 Our trip round the world, and into history, was done.

1. To Bertrand and Brian, the winter of 1998-99 was a time of high anxiety because ______.
A. they were awaiting their last attempt of the season to launch the balloon.
B. another balloon sponsored by Britain』s Cable & Wireless had been aloft for 7 days
C. a balloon piloted by British tycoon Richard Branson had gone down.
D. the Breitling watch company sponsored their activities.

2. The decision to take off was made unanimously ______.
A. on February 28, 1999
B. at 3 a.m. March 1
C. on February 24, 1999
D. in the winter of 1998-1999

3. When deciding to launch, the meteorologists were confident that the balloon could ______.
A. fly over Moroccan airspace
B. fly counterclockwise to the Atlantic Ocean.
C. float over France and Spain first, then be carried eastward over Africa
D. travel along with the big depression over the Mediterranean

4. When the balloon hit an inversion layer at 1,000 feet, the pilots made it rise by ______.
A. pouring one bag of sand into the capsule
B. sending the ballast into the sky
C. dropping 33 pounds of sand and heating the helium
D. clearing the capsule of 33 pounds of sand and burning the helium

5. By the evening of the first day, it looked as though it wouldn』t be quite possible for them to complete the journey around the world because ________.
A. they were worried that the fuel they carried might not last long
B. they were using too much fuel to maintain their height
C. the balloon hit an inversion layer at 1,000 feet
D. pilot lights on he burner began to act abnormally

6. After hearing about the balloon』s departure point and destination, the Myanmar air controller said to them, 「What in hell are you doing in Myanmar?」 This showed that he was ______.
A. angry
B. surprised
C. mistaken
D. ignorant

7. If the balloon moved north of the 26th parallel, Bertrand and Brian would be quite worried because they might ______.
A. be shot down by the enemy
B. lose their way in China
C. be forced to land
D. be carried e east by a gust of wind

8. When the balloon flew over the Pacific, Bertrand felt ______.
A. it would be a long and challenging journey
B. the balloon was flying slowly
C. something might go seriously wrong
D. they would use up their propane reserve

9. Brian solved their breathing problem by ______.
A. telephone doctors on the ground for clues
B. tightening the instruments and changing the filters
C. breathing in pure oxygen for a few minutes
D. looking at the instruments and changing the air

10. The balloon flew across the Atlantic by ______.
A. burning more propane
B. flying in jet stream at 15,000 feet
C. monitoring the weather closely
D. recing the temperature to 28.4 F

『柒』 長篇英語閱讀

http://www.tczj.net/wyx/show.asp?id=272有很多
Astronomers have witnessed the biggest bang since the big bang— moment about 15 billion years ago when the universe was created in a massive explosion. The huge burst of energy from the edge of the universe is estimated to be second only to the moment of creation in its explosive force, releasing more energy in two seconds than the sun will give out in it lifetime. Scientists hope the explosion—known as a gamma-ray burst because it emits energy in the form of gamma radiation—will shed light on the earliest stages in the evolution of the stars and galaxies. Gamma-ray bursts cannot be seen by the human eye, but if they could the sky would light up like a camera flash each time they occurred. They are by far the most energetic events in the universe and, until now, have remained largely a mystery.
The latest gamma-ray burst to be detected accurately occurred last December. Using a network of telescopes and satellites, the astronomers were able to calculate its distance from Earth at about 15 billion light years. This means it must have happened soon after the big bang itself, while the intensity of the radiation revealed it to be the biggest bang recorded by man. Scientists from the American National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the California Institute of Technology are to announce details of their analysis this week. The huge distance between the source of the explosion and the Earth suggests gamma-ray bursts are up to 10 times larger than previously thought, said Jonathan Katz, professor of physics at Washington University in St Louis.
「Gamma-ray bursts may be the most distant things we will ever see and as such will act as beacons to probe into the very distant regions of the universe when stars and galaxies were first formed.」
American spy satellites looking for the radiation released from Soviet nuclear tests first detected gamma-ray bursts in 1967 but the details were kept classified until 1973. For nearly 25 years scientists were hampered in their efforts to find an explanation for the huge explosions because they lasted no longer than a few seconds. The inability to explain them led to speculation that gamma-ray bursts were the remnants of nuclear battles between alien civilizations, or even the exhaust energy of extraterrestrial spaceships going into warp drive. Two satellites, the American Compton gamma-ray observatory and the Italian-Dutch Bepposax satellite, have now been able to locate the precise direction of gamma-ray bursts within seconds of them occurring. John Quenby, professor of physics at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in London, said the most likely explanation for gamma-ray burst is that they result from the enormous energy released when two very dense objects—called neutron stars—collide

『捌』 英語長篇閱讀summary怎麼寫

第一步：閱讀A.認真閱讀給定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解，就多讀兩遍。閱讀次數越多，你對原文的理解就越深刻。B.給摘要起一個標題。用那些能概括文章主題思想的單詞、短語或短句子作為標題。也可以採用文中的主題句作為標題。主題句往往出現在文章的開頭或結尾。一個好標題有助於確定文章的中心思想。C.現在，就該決定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了。對重要部分的主要觀點進行概括。D.簡要地記下主要觀點——主題、標題、細節等你認為對概括摘要重要的東西。第二步：動手寫作A.摘要應該只有原文的三分之一或四分之一長。因此首先數一下原文的字數，然後除以三，得到一個數字。摘要的字數可以少於這個數字，但是千萬不能超過這個數字。B.摘要應全部用自己的話完成。不要引用原文的句子。C.應該遵循原文的邏輯順序。這樣你就不必重新組織觀點、事實。D.摘要必須全面、清晰地表明原文所載的信息，以便你的讀者不需翻閱原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。E.寫摘要時可以採用下列幾種小技巧：1)刪除細節。只保留主要觀點。2)選擇一至兩個例子。原文中可能包括5個或的例子，你只需從中篩選一至二個例子。3)把長段的描述變成短小、簡單的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十個句子，那麼你只要把它們變成一兩句即可。4)避免重復。在原文中，為了強調某個主題，可能會重復論證說明。但是這在摘要中是不能使用的。應該刪除那些突出強調的重述句。5)壓縮長的句子。如下列兩例：「-like.」可以概括為：」Hewasverybraveinbattle.」「.」可以概括為：「Hewasinfinancialdifficulties.」6)你還可以使用片語代替整句或者從句。請看下面的例子：「,LushanMountain,andMountHuang,.Today,betterwages,holidayswithpay,newhotelsonthesemountains,andbettertrainandbusservices,go.」可以概括為：」,oncevisitedbyonlyafewpeople,aretodayaccessibletomany,thankstobetterwages,paidholidays,.」7)使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞，比如：「,..」可以概括為：」.」8)使用最短的連接詞。比如，可以使用but,then,thus,yet,though，不能使用atthesametime,inthefirstplace,becauseofthese,ontheotherhand等較長的連接詞。通常，使用分號就能夠達成使用連接詞的效果。9)文章中的第一人稱說的話通常在摘要中轉換成第三人稱，從而把大段的對白簡化，比如：:,Paul—it』snotgoodforyou!」Paulputdownhisknifeandfrowned:」Whyonearthnot!Ifyoudidn』„likeeatingcardboardorsand„,!」Katewaspatient.Shedidn』twanttoquarrelwithPaul.Shewantedtopersuadehim.Shesaidfirmly:」Buttoomuchsaltisbadforyou.,heart-attacks.Italsodisguisesthetasteoffood,,.」可以用第三人稱概括為：.』.ButPauldisagreed..第三步：修改成文草稿擬好以後，對它進行修改。首先，與原文比較看是否把所有重要的觀點都概括了，摘要中的觀點是否與原文中的完全一致。其次，如果摘要中出現了不必要的詞彙、短語或長句子，刪除它們。第三，檢查拼寫、語法和標點符號的錯誤。最後，保持語言簡單明了。

『玖』 一篇長篇英語閱讀

c
a
d
a

a
36 有問題，因該是colors

c
d
c
b
b
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d
a
d