英语中考易误单词
① 英语单词容易记错,怎么办
我觉得记单词也是有方法的 比如:question 前面是que(雀)的拼音,后面的tion常常出现在单词里面的 所以也会好记一点 有时候还可以根据读音来记 所以读很重要
② 初三英语容易搞错的词组
初三会做复习卷子,把你觉得有价值的错题或者知识点记下来,经常看看会很有用,下面有部分我还想得起来的词组,还有以前自己理的宾语从句和时态的知识。
【1】it is nice of you to do this
if is interesting for you to do this(形容词不同)
【2】have a bad effect on sb
【3】attend,attack,attract,affect,effect
【4】except doing
expect sb to do
【5】give some advice on english
【6】on the evening of Oct.1
in the evening on Oct.1
【7】forget to do(没做)
forget doing(做了)
【8】either...or
neither..nor
both....and
not only....but also
【9】every one of
everyone做主语
【10】one...the other两者
another许多中再一个
宾语从句
一. 连词
1,当宾语从句是陈述句时 连词用that
I think that he will come.
She says that she does not live in Wuxi.
2.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 连词用特殊疑问词
动词在主语后
Please tell me what your name is.
Please tell me how old you are.
I do not know where he lives.
I want to know how many sheep there are in Australia.
I do not know when it happened.
2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时 连词用if 或whether(是否)
I do not know if they speak English.
Please tell me if Jim has finished his homework.
Whether….or not
二. 语序
按陈述句语序即主谓不能颠倒
三. 时态
1.当主句的事态是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的事态不变
2.当主句的事态是一般过去时,从句的事态作相应的变化
一般现在时-------一般过去时
现在进行时-------现在进行时
现在完成时-------过去完成时
一般将来时-------过去将来时
①I thought He lives in Shanghai.
I thought he lived in Shanghai.
②Mr.Green asked Does she like English?
Mr.Green asked if she liked English
③Mum asked me What are they doing?
Mum asked me what they were doing.
④Mrs .Green asked Has Lucy been to China?
Mrs .Green asked if Lucy had been to China.
⑤I wanted to know Will they go to Beijing next week?
I wanted to know if they would go to Beijing next week.
时态
1.一般现在时 经常反复发生的动作
sometimes often usually always every day……
We learn English. Do we learn English?
She goes to school every day. Does she go to school every day?
2.一般过去时 过去发生的
yesterday last year a moment ago just now ago in 1997……..
He was born in 1993.
He put on his coat and went out.
3.现在进行时 现在正在进行的 这些天里一直进行的
now at present at the moment look listen…..
主+be+doing
At the moment the students are playing games.
4.过去进行时 过去的某一时刻某段时间正在进行的
at that moment at tow yesterday ….
主+was\were+doing
What were you doing at eight last night?
When I was walking in the street I met a friend.
It was raining heavily when I got home yesterday.
5.现在完成时 ①对现在产生影响
already yet just ever before……
②动作过去发生一直延续到现在
since for so far in\ring the past last few days.
have\has+done
Mike has made many friends since he come here last year.
In the past twenty years great changes have taken place in china.
6.过去完成时 过去的过去
标志词同现在完成时一样 since already by(到…为止)+过去的时间状语
had+动词的过去分词
By the time we got there Lilei had left.
When we got to the train station yesterday the train had left.
My father did not go to the cinema yesterday because he had seen it.
He had taught English in Shanghai before he came to Wuxi.
7.一般将来时 将来发生的\存在的状态
tomorrow soon next year in the future in tow days……
will\is(are) going to be
My father will write a letter tonight ,won’t he?
My father is gong to write a letter tonight ,is’t he?
注意在时间状语和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时来代替一般将来时
If it is fine tomorrow we will climb the hill.
He will call me as soon as he arrivals there.
I will go fishing after I finish the work..
8.过去将来时 过去谈论将来要发生的事情
would\should+原形 was\were going to+原形
She told me he would come soon..
He said he was going to send me some flowers.
③ 初中容易误把辅音音素开头的单词弄成元音(如usuful),以及误把元音音素开头的单词弄成辅音的单词
首先,最平常的不过于a,e,i,o了,这些字母在单词前面 基本上用冠词an修饰(有时候用the,但那是特指)。【比如:an apple , an excellent boy , an idiot , an orange 。】
也有特别的,以u开头的音标开头会有/ju:/ 或者/ju/ 或者/∧/。 最常见的就是开头是/∧/和/ju:/的了。主要看音标,/j/是辅音,所以前面用a,而/∧/是元音,前面用an。【比如:a useful book , an unpleasant boy 】
特别的还有h开头的,有些单词以h开头但是音标很可能会省略/h/,最常见的就是hour了,初中只要求掌握这个单词。
别以为这样就完了,还有更吊的哦!『我打赌,这个肯定没有多少人会写』那就是字母的缩写。缩写是很痛苦的,但是掌握了又是很简单的。缩写通常都是大写字母为主。如果大写字母前面会出现A,E,F,H,I,L,M,N,O,R,S,X时前面用an,而以B,C,D,G,J,K,P,Q,T,U,V,W,Y,Z开头的用a。(因为A,E,F,H,I,L,M,N,O,R,S,X都以元音音素/e/开头,而B,C,D,G,J,K,P,Q,T,U,V,W,Y,Z都以辅音音素开头) 【我给你举例子:an ABC interviewer,a BBC interviewer,a CEO,a DJ,an ECG,an FM,a GCSE,an HRT,an ID card,an JCB,a KC,an LP,an MC,an NBA player,an OAP,a PC,a QC,an RMB,an SLR,a TA,a UFO,a VCR,a WTO CEO,an X-ray,a YWCA member】
元音音素:/i:/ /I/ /e/ /æ/
/3:/ /ə/ /∧/
/a:/ /כ/ /כ:/ /u/ /u:/
/eI/ /aI/ /כI/ /əu/ /au/
/Iə/ /εə/ /uə/
辅音音素:/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /δ/ /∫/ /з/ /h/ /r/
/t∫/ /dз/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/
/m/ /n/ /ŋ/
/l/
/w/ /j/
④ 初中易混词组单词和重要词组单词(中考用)
初中英语容易混淆单词/词组
从近年来的中考题可以看出命题者的目的都是要考查学生对一些较易混淆、形式上非常相近的词(词组)是否能掌握扎实,是否熟悉每个词组的中文意思并能在句子中熟练运用。要想做对以上出现的类似的中考考题,考生必须能总结清各种初中阶段所学过的较易混淆、形式上非常相近的词(词组),熟记所有词组的中文意思,熟悉它们的用法和区别。为了方便同学们复习,特将常考易混词(词组)整理如下:
一、容易混淆的动词:
[考试说明] 了解及物动词和不及物动词用法;掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语以及疑问词连用构成不定式短语的基本用法;理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法;初步掌握延续性动词和瞬间动词在用法上的区别等。
1. come & be here
[误] He has come here for three hours.
[正] He came here three hours ago.
[正] He has been here for three hours.
come是瞬间动词,不是延续性动词,在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而要与表示一段时间的状语连用,就要用延续动词。 与此同类的还有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.
2. cost & take & spend & pay
[误] I cost a lot of time to read stories.
[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.
[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.
cost除了钱的花费以外,还能表示时间上的花费,但常用物做主语。spend句子主语是人,可指花费时间和金钱,但后面的动词要用-ing形式,后面也可跟名词短语,介词用on。pay句子主语是人,常与for连用,buy也常与for连用,但花费“钱”要放在介词for后面,而pay则放在介词for前面。
3. join & take part in
[误] He joined the League for two years.
[正] He joined the League two years ago.
[正] He has been in the League for two years.
[正] He has been a League member for two years.
join指“参加”组织,成为一个成员,join sb.意思是“加入某人”,take part in指参加活动特别是大的运动;如指“参加…多长时间”就要用延续动词be in或be a …member,而不能用join。
4. borrow & lend & keep
[误] She has lent me the book for a week.
[正] She lent me the book a week ago.
[正] It’s a week since she lent me the book.
borrow和lend是短暂性动词,在肯定句里不和表示一段时间的状语连用,keep延续动词,可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 borrow意思是“借(进)”,后面跟介词from,lend意思是“借(出)”,后面跟介词to,lend也可用于某些成语中,如lend sb. a hand。
5. lie & lay & lain
[误] She laid down the book and laid in bed.
[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.
lie有两个意思,一个是“说谎”,过去式和过去分词是在词尾加-d;另一个是“躺,卧;位于”,是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词是lay、lain,现在分词是lying。 lay意思是“放;孵(蛋)”,其过去式和过去分词是laid、laid。
6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of
[误] The table is made from wood.
[正] The table is made of wood.
be made in意思是“由……生产”,强调产地;be made of意思是“用……制成”,强调从成品上能看出原料,制成物没改变原料的本质;be made from意思也是“用……制成”,强调从制成物上看不出原料,制成物已改变原料的本质;be made up of意思是“由……构成或组成”,指人或物都可,指结构成分。
7. stop to do & stop doing
[误] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.
[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.
[误] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.
[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.
stop to do意思是“停下(正做的事)(开始)去做(别的某事)”,带to的不定式在句子中作目的状语;stop doing意思“停止做某事(不做了)”,带-ing形式的动名词在句子中作宾语。
二、容易混淆的名词:
[考试说明] 了解名词在句中所充当的成分,理解并能区别所学的可数名词和不可数名词;熟练掌握所学可数名词复数形式的构成,在口语和书面语的表达中正确运用;掌握物质名词及其数量的表达方法;了解专有名词的概念及一般用法;熟练掌握所学名词所有格的用法;了解集合名词和抽象名词的概念及一般用法。
1. job & work
[误] I’m busy today, for I have a lot of jobs to do.
[正] I’m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.
job意思是a piece of work,指已做或要做、应做的具体的某种工作,实际含义是“职业”,而work通常指抽象意义上的工作,是不可数名词,也可指“工作场所”。
2. by train & change trains
[误] We came here by the train.
[正] We came here by train.
[正] We came here on/in the train.
[误] We have to change the train at the next station.
[正] We have to change trains at the next station.
train意思是“火车”,表示“乘火车”,用by train或on/ the train,表示“换火车”,train必须用复数形式,且前面不加限定词。
三、容易混淆的形容词:
[考试说明] 熟练掌握形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法;熟练掌握表示时间、地点、方式、程度、原因等疑问副词的用法;熟练掌握形容词、副词比较等级的构成和 good、well、many、much等不规则变化;掌握little、far、ill、bad、badly等不规则变化;能熟练运用下列句型表示两者 (人或事物)和三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较;初步掌握用much、little等副词在用法上的区别。
1. any & some
[误] Have you got some money with you?
[正] Have you got any money with you?
[误] Would you like any milk?
[正] Would you like some milk?
any和some意思是“一些”,用作定语,可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。any多用于否定句和疑问句,some多用于肯定句。 但如果说话人表示“请求,提议”或“希望得到肯定回答”的意义时,some也可用在疑问句中;some还可用于单数名词前,表示未知或说话人不想特别说明的人、地、物等,意思是“某一,某个”。 如果表示“任何,无论哪个”时,any可用在肯定句中。
2. either & each & both & neither & every
[误] There are many flowers on either side of the street.
[误] There are many flowers on neither side of the street.
[误] There are many flowers on each sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on both sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on each side of the street.
[误] Every student has not finished their homework.
[正] No student has finished their homework.
either意思是“两者之一的”,each意思是“任意一个的”,neither意思是“两者都不的”,every强调整体,意思是“个个”。
3. few/little & a few /a little
[误] Sorry, I have few money on me.
[正] Sorry, I have little money on me.
[误] Her books are few.
[正] She has few books.
[误] The work needs a few number of workers.
[正] The work needs a small number of workers.
[正] The work needs a few workers.
few后跟可数名词复数,little后跟不可数名词,都表示“几乎没有”的否定性意思;a few和a little区别也在于前者跟可数名词,后者跟不可数名词,都表示“有几个”的肯定性意思。
4. no & not
no意思是“没有”,可以否定一切名词,修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数时等于not any,修饰可数名词单数时等于not a/an;如果被修饰的名词通常情况下只有一个,则用它的单数形式;不能用a、the、all、every等限制词之前,而not可以。 not意思是“不,不是”,可以否定一切动词,修饰动词。 no more than意思是“不过,仅仅”,相当于only,修饰“数量”词,强调“少”的含义;not more than意思是“至多,不多于,不超过”,用于陈述事实;no more…than和not more…than多用于多音节形容词的比较级。
5. already & yet & still
[误] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off yet.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off already.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. already意思是“已经”,一般用于肯定句,常与完成时连用,常用于句中;yet意思是“已经,还”,一般用于否定句和疑问句,常用于句末;still意思是“仍然,还是”,强调动作在进行,主要用于肯定句,常用于句中。
6. also & too & either & so & neither & nor
[误] My parents didn’t like swimming, nor did his.
[正] My parents didn’t like swimming, neither did his.
also用于肯定句,一般放在行为动词之前、助动词、情态动词、系动词之后,too一般用于肯定句末,前面常用逗号;either一般用于否定句末,前面也用逗号;so置于句首,引起句子倒装,表示前面所讲的情况也适用于另一个人或物,具有否定的意思;so后的主语与前一句主语是同一个人或物时,后面的主谓不倒装,表示“确实如此”;neither置于句首,引起句子倒装,表示前面所讲的情况不适用于另一个人或物,具有否定的意思;nor常与 not连用,表示“也不”,neither和nor都可用来对前面的否定陈述加以补充,如果补充的成分否定的不是同一事物,同一内容,就只能用nor,不可用neither;当否定的并列分句有两个以上时,只能用nor,因为neither只能指两者中的一个,nor指三个以上的另一个。
7. sometimes & sometime & some time & some times
[误] You can only keep the book for sometime.
[正] You can only keep the book for some time. sometimes是频度副词,意思是“有时,不时”,常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用;sometime是副词,意思是“在某个不确定的时间,在某个时候,某时”,可与将来时或过去时连用;some time是名词词组,意思是“一段时间”,做时间状语,也可用作副词词组,用来指一个未肯定的时刻,常指将来,此时可与sometime通用;some times是名词词组,意思是“几次,几倍”。
四、容易混淆的介词:
[考试说明] 熟练掌握介词in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、before的常见用法;理解这11个介词的其他用法及所学其他介词的一般用法。
1. above & over; below & under
[误] Our classroom is over theirs.
[正] Our classroom is above theirs.
[误] The plane flew above the bridge.
[正] The plane flew over the bridge.
[误] The lights hung above the desk.
[正] The lights hung over the desk.
above、over都表示“在…上面”,且都表示表面不接触的上方,但over指垂直在上,而above则表示位置较高,不一定是正上方。 below、under都表示“在…下面”,below指位置低于某物或在某物的下方,但不一定在某物的正下方,其反义词是above,而under指在某物的正下方,有垂直在下的意思,其反义词是over。
2. by & on & over & through
[误] They’re talking on the radio.
[正] They’re talking by radio.
“通过无线电交谈”习惯上说talk by radio,名词前不加冠词。 “通过收音机听到”习惯上说hear sth. on/over/through the radio,名词前加冠词。 “通过电视看到”习惯上说watch sth. on TV。 “通过电话交谈”习惯上说talk with sb. on/over the telephone。 “通过人造卫星收发电视节目”习惯上说through man-made satellites。
3. in & on & to
[误] Tian wan is to the east of China.
[误] Tian wan is on the east of China.
[正] Tian wan is in the east of China. 表示方位“在……(东西南北)边)时,介词in、on、to有不同的用法。以“在……东部”为例,表示在该地范围之内,用in the east of,表示在该地与某地“相邻”,有接壤之意,用on the east of,表示不在该地范围,且有中间物,用to the east of。
4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last
都有“最后”的意思,但in the end表示“结果,末了”,与at last是同义词组,at the end of表示“在……末端,尽头”,后面要接名词短语,by the end of表示“在……结束时,末了为止”,后面接时间短语。
5. to & for & toward(s)
[误] He is leaving to HongKong next month.
[正] He is leaving for HongKong next month. to,toward(s)作静态介词,表示静态位置时,均表示“朝……”或“向……”,一般两者可通用,towards指时间“将近”,意思是 nearly;to则表示一段时间的终点,“差……到”的意思;for常用在leave、start等后面,表示要去的目的地,不可用to。
五、容易混淆的连词:
[考试说明] 掌握并列连词(如:and、but、or)和从属连词(如:when、if、that等)的基本用法。
1. because & since & as & for
[误] Because he was ill, so he didn’t go to school today.
[正] Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school today.
[正] He didn’t go to school today because he was ill.
because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中,全句强调的重点在原因上,不在主句的结果上。因此,回答why提出的问题时,只能用because,不能用since、as或for。because of后面只能跟短语,不能跟从句。 since表示的原因,指人们已知的事实,常译为“既然”,引导的从句只是一种附带的说明原因,不是对原因的强调。because与since不能与so连用。 as表示原因与since差别不大,只是语气更弱,是显而易见的理由。 for表示因果关系时,可与because替换使用,所不同的只是它只能放在主句之后,不能放在句首。在含for的句子里,for从句有时只是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因,与前一分句不存在因果关系。
2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and…
[误] Either he or I are right.
[正] Either he or I am right.
前三个连词连接名词、代词等作主语时,谓语动词要与离其最近的主语的单复数一致,both…and…的谓语动词则要用复数。
六、容易混淆的代词:
[考试说明] 熟练掌握人称代词主格、宾格形式及基本用法,在口语和书面语的表达中正确运用;掌握形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的基本用法;掌握反身代词作为宾语和同位语的基本用法;熟练掌握指示代词和疑问代词的基本用法。
1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some
[误] Either of the books are good.
[正] Either of the books is good.
either/ each / none / neither of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数, 其中neither的也可用复数;both/ all /some of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数
⑤ 高中易写错的英语单词有哪些
Ⅱ类:这一类包括family(家庭),team(队),class(班),audience(听众)等,其用法特点为:若视为整体,表示专单数意义;若考虑其属个体成员,表示复数意义。比较:
This class consists of 45 pupils. 这个班由45个学生组成。
This class are studying English now. 这个班的学生在学习英语。
Ⅲ类:这一类包括 baggage/luggage(行李),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),machinery(机器)等,其用法特点为:是不可数名词,要用单数形式,不用不定冠词 (当然更不能用数词),没有复数形式:
⑥ 初中英语单词易错如tiredbirthday什么ir货或其余易写反的单词 全面绝对好评
prefect巡查员 : perfect完美
angel天使 : angle角度
goal目标 : gaol监狱
filling填充物 : filing锉屑
string线 : stirring搅拌(stir的continuous tense)/ stirring用作形容词专的意思是激动人心的属
暂时只想到这一些,简陋了一点,呵呵。
⑦ 常见容易翻译错误的英语单词
1.日常用语类
lover 情人(不是“爱人”)
busboy 餐馆勤杂工(不是“公汽售票员”)
busybody 爱管闲事的人(不是“大忙人”)
dry goods (美)纺织品;(英)谷物(不是“干货”)
heartman 做心脏移植手术的人(不是“有心人”)
mad doctor 精神病科医生(不是“发疯的医生”)
eleventh hour 最后时刻(不是“十一点”)
blind date (由第三者安排的)男女初次会面(并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”)
dead president 美钞(上印有总统头像)(并非“死了的总统”)
personal remark 人身攻击(不是“个人评论”)
sweet water 淡水(不是“糖水”)
confidence man 骗子(不是“信得过的人”)
criminal lawyer 刑事律师(不是“犯罪的律师”)
service station 加油站
rest room 厕所(不是“休息室”)
dressing room 化妆室(不是“试衣室”或“更衣室”)
sporting house 妓院(不是“体育室”)
horse sense 常识(不是“马的感觉”)
capital idea 好主意(不是“资本主义思想”)
familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(不是“熟悉的谈话”)
black tea 红茶(不是“黑茶”)
black art 妖术(不是“黑色艺术”)
black stranger 完全陌生的人(不是“陌生的黑人”)
white coal (作动力来源用的)水
white man 忠实可靠的人(不是“皮肤白的人”)
yellow book 黄皮书(法国政府报告书,以黄纸为封)(不是“黄色书籍”)
red tape 官僚习气(不是“红色带子”)
green hand 新手(不是“绿手”)
blue stocking 女学者、女才子(不是“蓝色长统袜”)
China policy 对华政策(不是“中国政策”)
Chinese dragon 麒麟(不是“中国龙”)
American beauty 红蔷薇(不是“美国美女”)
English disease 气管炎(不是“英国病”)
Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年(不是“印度的夏日”)
Greek gift 害人的礼品(不是“希腊礼物”)
Spanish athlete 吹牛的人(不是“西班牙运动员”)
French chalk 滑石粉(不是“法国粉笔”)
2.成语类
pull one's leg 开玩笑(不是“拉后腿”)
in one's birthday suit 赤身裸体(不是“穿着生日礼服”)
eat one's words 收回前言(不是“吃话”)
an apple of love 西红柿(不是“爱情之果”)
handwriting on the wall 不祥之兆(不是“大字报”)
bring down the house 博得全场喝彩(不是“推倒房子”)
have a fit 勃然大怒(不是“试穿”)
make one's hair stand on end 令人毛骨悚然—恐惧(不是“令人发指——气愤”)
be taken in 受骗,上当(不是“被接纳”)
think a great deal of oneself 高看或看重自己(不是“为自己想得很多”)
pull up one's socks 鼓起勇气(不是“提上袜子”)
have the heart to do (用于否定句)忍心做……不是“有心做”或“有意做”)
3.表达方式类
You know what?你知道吗?(不是你知道什么?)Contributed by "月"
Look out! 当心!(不是“向外看”)
What a shame! 多可惜!真遗憾!(不是“多可耻”)
You don't say! 是吗!(不是“你别说”)
You can say that again! 说得好!(不是“你可以再说一遍”)
I haven't slept better. 我睡得好极了。
(不是“我从未睡过好觉”)
You can't be too careful in your work. 你工作越仔细越好。(不是“你工作不能太仔细”)
It has been 4 years since I smoked. 我戒烟4年了。(不是“我抽烟4年了”)
All his friends did not turn up. 他的朋友没全到。(不是“他的朋友全没到”)
People will be long forgetting her. 人们在很长时间内会记住她的。(不是“人们会永远忘记她”)
He was only too pleased to let them go. 他很乐意让他们走。(不是“他太高兴了,不愿让他们走”)
It can't be less interesting. 它无聊极了。(不是“它不可能没有趣”)
⑧ 上海中考英语考纲单词易混淆的单词,词组
http://wenku..com/view/e617dd6427d3240c8447ef61.html
⑨ 初中英语被动句容易错的单词,看上去是被动的,实际是主动的词有哪些
sell write wash draw 这些词与抄well , easily搭配时, 用主动语态表示被动
This kind of apple sells well.
This coat washes easily.
need doing 用主动表示被动 =need to be done The flowers need watering.
⑩ 高考英语易写错的单词
老师常说的 society, modern,