英语写作句型高中
㈠ 求高中英语写作的常用短语以及句型
高考作文经典句型
1. 一个万能句型：
We should keep it in our mind that only if we…, can we … and …
句子中and连接的最后两个动词词组间应有递进关系：由近而远，由现在到未来，由小到大。
我们要记住：只有我们阻止浪费和污染，我们才能享有健康的水源，才能在地球上生活下去。
We should keep it in our mind that only if we stop wasting and polluting water, can we enjoy healthy water supply and survive on the earth.
我们要记住：只有我们使自己头脑清醒，才不会被掌声和赞美所淹没，才能够继续努力，来成就自己的未来。
We should keep it in our mind that only if we keep clear-headed, will we not be overwhelmed in clap and praise and keep trying our best to achieve our future.
2. 书信体应用型作文第一句开门见山。
I’m wrting to inform you of the fact that you have been admitted to our university.
complain of the cell phone I bought from your shop.
invite you to the celebration of the 20th anniversary of our school.
thank you for your hospitality I received when I stayed with you.
apply for a loan from your bank.
3. 带目的表达的句子，常用in order to do sth放句首。
In order to creat the atmosphere for English study, an English speaking competition will be held in our school, the first ten winners will be awarded…as an encouragement.
In order to leave a comfortable living space to our children in the future, we should see to it that everyboby should do something to keep the world clean.
4. 表明自己或别人的观点
1）As far as I am concerned, it is very 形容词 to do sth.
As far as I am concerned, it is very important to pay much attention to the campus safety.
2) I have a continual (different, strong) opinion (idea) that…
I have a strong feeling that people at present are more indiffernt to what happens around us.
3). Some people have a different opinion that others will help people in need even if they themselves are reluctant to.
4). 在句中插入“xxx thinks”
If anyone stopped littering everywhere, they think, many cleaners will lose their jobs.
5). Based on my personal experience, if you can…., I’m sure that you can…
5. 议论文开篇可以用“随着…”, 但须注意：as 后接句子，with介词后接名词或名词词组。
With the improvement of people’s life, more and more people…..
As science and technology develop, we can enjoy more conveniences, but at the same time, many of us are suffering from poisonous gas.
6. 当要罗列一些观点时，用倒装句Here are some reasons based on my idea.
要罗列一些要点时，用In the following are some tips about how to do it.
当然，罗列是要根据其重要性进行排列，可以用：Firstly，and most important,….
Secondly，but not less important,……, and finally,…….
7. 当引用别人的话或者谚语来说明一个问题时，用句型
There is a quotation (proverb) from Mao Zedong that…, which tells us….
如：There is a proverbs from English that there is a will, there is a way, which tells us will or determination is very important.
There is a quotation from Hemingway that “Life breaks us all, but afterwards,
many of us are strongest at the broken places, ” which tells us that Failure is the mother of success.
8. 总结，既要注意上下文的连贯，又要引出你自己的见解，这时往往能用上一个非限定性定语从句，似乎信手拈来，却让阅卷人留下深刻印象。
All in a word, if everybody pays more attention to…, all of us will…, more important, which can leave a better world for our children in the future.
㈡ 要高中英语写作中常用的句型、短语，有越多越好啊，谢了
常用句型：
下文中出现的 A,B, “...”(某事物), "sb"( somebody),
要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换.
开头：
When it comes to ..., some think ...
There is a public debate today that ...
A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?
Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.
提出观点：
Now there is a growing awareness that...
It is time we explore the truth of ...
Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.
进一步提出观点：
... but that is only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is ...
A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...
Besides, other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式：
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子：
For example(instance),...
... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
A particular example for this is...
引用：
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
讲故事
（先说故事主体），this story is not rare.
..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.
..., the story still has a realistic significance.
提出原因：
There are many reasons for ...
Why .... , for one thing,...
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...
The first reason can be obiviously seen.
Most people would agree that...
Some people may neglect that in fact ...
Others suggest that...
Part of the explanation is ...
进行对比：
The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...
Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...
Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.
A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...
承上启下：
To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...
A study of ... will make this point clear
让步：
Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...
I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾：
>From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw
the conclusion that ...
In summary, it is wiser ...
In short...
在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中，
常见的使用形式如下：
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
Useful quotations
逆境
by Robert Collier
In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a lesson showing you how to win the victory next time.
努力与成功
by Ann Landers
Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them.
坚持
by Ralph Waldo Emerson
No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.
Confucius 孔子
Our greatest glory is not in never falling...
but in rising every time we fall.
坚持
Mother Teresa
To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it.
Henry Ford
Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs.
Winston Churchill
Never, never, never, never give up.
Albert Einstein
In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity.
努力与成功
by Crassus
Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly.
Thomas Edison
There is no substitute for hard work.
Leo Tolstoi
The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience.
Thomas Jefferson
I'm a great believer in luck,
and I find the harder I work...
the more I have of it.
Robert Collier
Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.
Ray A. Croc
Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get.
实际经验与间接经验
You'll learn more about a road by traveling it...
than by consulting all the maps in the world.
动机与结果
Vince Lombardi
Winning isn't everything...
but wanting to win is.
John F. Kennedy
We choose to go!to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard.
Thucydides
The strong do what they will.
The weak do what they must.
为人态度：
John Wooden
Talent is God given--Be Humble.
Fame is man given-- Be Thankful.
Conceit is self given --Be Careful.
行动：
Theodore Roosevelt
Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are.
Publilius Syrus Maxim
No one knows what he can do till he tries.
Terence
There is nothing so easy but that it becomes difficult when you do it reluctantly.
Thomas Fuller
A wise man turns chance into good fortune.
William Hazlitt
Prosperity is a great teacher;
adversity is a greater.
William Penn
No pains, no palm;
no thorns, no throne;
no gall , no glory;
no cross, no crown.
Will Rogers
Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over... if you just sit there.
Opportunity rarely knocks on your door.
Knock rather on opportunity's door if you ardently wish to enter.
成功与失败
Vince Lombardi
It's not whether you get knocked down.
...It's whether you get up again.
Winston Churchill
An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;
a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.
热情（年轻/年老）
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
信心
James Allen
The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do.
Samuel Johnson
Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.
Aughey
Lost time is never found again.
Voltaire
No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking.
Napoleon
Victory belongs to the most persevering.
细心
Euipides
Leave no stone unturned.
计划与工作
Norman Vincent Peale
Plan your work for today and every day;
then work your plan.
Henry Ford
Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again.
Thomas Edison
I start where the last man left off.
理想与现实
What the mind of man can conceive and believe,
the mind of a man can achieve.
勤奋
Benjamin Franklin
Plough deep while sluggards sleep.
目标
Henry David Thoreau
In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.
幸运
Emily Dickinson
Luck is not chance...
It's toil...
Fortune's expensive smile is earned.
勤奋
Thomas Edison
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
Useful Quotations
想象力
Albert Einstein
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
挑战：
Walter Begehot
The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.
机会与准备
Abraham Lincoln
I will prepare and some day my chance will come.
信心与事实
Henry Ford
Whether you think you can or think you can't -- you are right.
English Proverb
Where there's a will there's a way.
There is no failure excepting no longer trying.
Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity
英文写作必背之35个句型
一、…the + …est + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + haveever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc）
…the most + 形容词 + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + have ever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc）
例句：
Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + …er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：
Nothing is more important than to receive ecation.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、…cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.（再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过）
例句：
We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V …（不可否认的……）
例句：
There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子…（全世界都知道……）
例句：
It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子…（毫无疑问的……）
例句：
There is no doubt that our ecational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of …is that + 句子（……的优点是……）
例句：
An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create（proce）any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 …is that + 句子（……的原因是……）
例句：
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此……以致于……）
例句：
So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be，S + V…（虽然……）
例句：
Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The +…er + S + V，…the + …er + S + V…
The + more + Adj + S + V，…the + more + Adj + S + V…（愈……愈……）
例句：The harder you work，the more progress you make.
你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read，the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving，…can …（借着……，……能够……）
例句：By taking exercise，we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、…enable+Object（受词）+ to+V （……使……能够……）
例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we +V …（我们绝对不能……）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time+S+过去式 （该是……的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who…（……的人……）
例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but…（没有人不……）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不……）
例句：Since the examination is around the corner，I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that+句子 （可想而知的）
It is obvious that+句子 （明显的）
It is apparent that+句子 （显然的）
例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ……（那就是……的原因）
例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式。（过去……年来，……一直……）
例句：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式
例句：Since he went to senior high school，he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V……（……是值得的）
例句：It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on （以……为基础）
例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to+V （不遗余力的）
例句：We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to+人+事 （让……明白……事）
例句：We should bring home to people the valueof working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to…（与……息息相关）
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of+Ving= make it a rule to+V （养成……的习惯）
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to+N/Ving，…（因为……）
例句：Thanks to his encouragement，I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a+Adj+N+S+V！= How+Adj+a+N+V！（多么……！）
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise！
How important a thing it is to keep our promise！
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ……（对……有很大的影响）
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to （对……有益），do harm to （对……有害）
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to …（对……造成一大威胁）
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one's utmost to+V = do one's best （尽全力去……）
例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
㈢ 求一些高中英语写作句型，简单点！
写作常用句型总结
1.as an old saying goes,....正如一句古老的谚语所说
2....be nothing but... ....不过就是...
3.from where i stand.... 从我的立场来说
4.give oneself a chance to.....给某人一个机会去...
5.i feel sure that...我坚信...
6....is the best way to make sure that....确保...的最好办法是...
7.we must do our absolute best to....我们必须竭尽全力做...
8.there is no denying the fect that...无可否认....
9.nothing is more+adj.+than to+v.没有比...更重要的了
10.主语+cannot emphasize the importance of....too much 再怎么强调..的重要性也不为过
11....pose a great threat to... ...对..造成了一大威胁（eg.Pollution poses a great threat to our existance.)
12.stole the spotlight from...从...获得大众的瞩目
13....touch sb. on the raw ....触到某人的痛处
14.it is not uncommon that... 这是常有的事儿。。
15it is almost impossible to do.. 。。。是很困难的
16the recent research has shown that..最近研究表明。。
17...has/have no alternative but to...除...外别无选择
18....between the devil and the deep blue sea 进退维谷，左右为难
19.content in the thought that...满足于...的想法
20(重磅出击，一般老师都会感动，这个句子可以千变万化，可以替换其中的一些词）The long,(costly strike) proved to be the last nail in the coffin for (the company),with( its history of financial problems).长时期的罢工损失巨大，再加上一直以来的财政问题，使得该公祠一蹶不振。 注：（...)都是可替换的
写作亮点（因为我是英语科代表，同学们的考卷批完之后都由我统计，我翻阅了所有同学的作文，总结了一些写作亮点）
1.分层次。Firstly, Secondly.....Finally
2.祈使句+and/or
3.if i were ...i would have done 虚拟语气的运用
4.with复合结构的运用
5.the more...the more结构
6.should=ought to
7.in terms of mine以我来看
8.May you success!祝你成功。
9.My mother always tell me :Everything is possible if you put your heart into thing.
10.Faith will more mountains!
11.There is a will,there is a way.
暂时这么多，不求多，只求精，愿你熟练运用，考取高分。
㈣ 英语写作上一些可以经常用到的句型（高一）
1 To begin with首先
2 Generally speaking一般地说，总体上说
3 First of all第一，首先
4 With (the development/progress/growth)
5 Recently近来
6 In conclusion最后，在结束时
7 In brief简言之上海英语角
8 In a word总之
9 It is high time that...到...时候了
10 It is only when...that...只有当...才...
11 first, second, third...第一，第二，第三
12 To begin with...,moreover...,finally...，首先...，此外...，最后...
13 Meanwhile同时托福口语模板
14 since then自此之后
15 Therefore因而
16 As a result由于...结果
17 Due to由于
18 consequently结果，因此
19 One may criticize......for......，but the real cause of...lies deeper人们可以因为...批评...，但是...的真正原因在更深层次
20 Among...reasons, one should be emphasized that...在众多的原因中，其中一点给予强调...
21 unlike...与...不同英语口语学习视频
22 In contrast...与之相比
23 On the other hand...另一方面
24 Likewise同样
25 similarly同样
㈤ 求高中英语写作技巧和一些有用短语,句式
Chapter One 文章开头句型
1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,
适用于有争议性的主题.
例如(e.g)
[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.
当被问及····，大多数人认为|说·····但是我有点不这麽认为。
[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)
当它涉及·····一些人相信·····其他人主张相反的观点。在这些观点里，有可能有一部分是真的，但是我倾向于前者或后者····
[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
现在，大家普遍认为·····他们主张·····但是我怀疑····是否······
1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .
e.g
[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
最近，·····问题（现象）的逐渐严重已经引起广泛的关注。
[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)
大意同上
[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
通货膨胀|腐败|社会不平等·····是另外一个新的令人感到苦涩的我们不得不学会去面对的一个事实。
1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.
e.g:
[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...
[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
现在，越来越多人开始认为（意识到）·····
[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation to the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......
大意同上
[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......
也许，是时侯对······观点拥有新的认识。
1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
e.g:
[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .
“知识就是力量”这句是培根的名言。这句名言已经被广泛的接受。
"Ecation is not complete with gralation." Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.
“教育不是完成于毕业”这句是美国一位著名的哲学家所说的。越来越多的人接受这句话。
[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .
“······”我们经常听到这样的话。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".
在我们的日常生活中，我们习惯于听到如此传统得解释“·······”。
[3]As the saying goes that"````````"
正如某句名言说的“······”
1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.
e.g:
[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .
[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.
人们过去常常认为·····但是现在人们持这个观点。
1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.
e.g:
[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.
这个现象激发人们的公共意识。
[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.
如此进退两难的局面是我们日常生活中经常面对的。
[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.
很久以前，·······也许这个故事令人难以置信，但它仍有重大的现实意义
1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.
e.g:
Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...
But in my opinion , ...... .
Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型
原因结果分析
2-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.
e.g:
[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ... 为什么·····？第一·····第二·····
[2]. The answer to this problem involes many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...
这个问题的答案涉及到许多因素。第一·····第二·····另外·······
[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both indivial and social contribute to ....
许多因素，包括物质上的和精神上的·····个人原因都能导致·····
2-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!
e.g:
[1]. Another important factor is ....
[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.
[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....当然，······不是·····的唯一因素
2-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .
e.g:
[1]. It will proce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....
[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........
Chapter 3 文章结尾形式
3-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .
e.g:
[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....
从以上所讨论的，我们确实可以得出·····的结论。
[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......
3-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.
e.g:
[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......
我们必须提出一个紧急方案，因为当前的····现象，如果被允许进行，将理所当然的导致·····的重大代价\花费
[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.
明显的，如果我们对这个问题视而不见，····将有更大的可能被置于危险之中。
3-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.
e.g:
[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of ......
是我们促使将不好的趋势结束的时候。
[2]. It is essential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.
有效的措施被用来改变这倾向是必须的。
3-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.
e.g:
[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....
[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.
对这问题的察觉\认识是面对这种情况的第一步。
3-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.
e.g:
[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .
make some sense：有意义，讲得通，有道理
[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.
[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........
3-6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!
e.g:
[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit .....but also benefit .....
[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ..
一)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
But the fundamental cause is that ...
三)后果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it proces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
四)批驳
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
五)举例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)证明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
七)开篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
8) According to a recent survey, ...
9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
八)结尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.
6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ...
10) Taking all these into account, we ...
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...
1)With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up
2)When it comes to...，some people think ／believe……that...，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true.There is probably……some truth in both arguments／statements，but...当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。
㈥ 写几个英语写作的高级句型，高中的
●表示比较和对照关系的句型：
1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D).
2) Just as..., so...
3) A and B have sth in common.
4) A is similar to B.
5) The same is true of，The same can be said of(……也是如此).
6) The advantages of A are much greater than B.
7) compared with B, A has many advantages.
8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊).
9) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage over..., it can not compete with B in...
11) Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe that...
12) What people fail to consider is that...
13) It is one thing to insist that..., it is quite another to show that...
14) Nothing can rival…(……是无与伦比的).
15) …has drawbacks as well as merits.
16) A is superior(inferior) to B.
17) ...varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)
18) A is just the opposite (to B)
19) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)
20) …is not the same (as)
●过渡性句型：
1) this is true that...
2) This is true, no doubt, but...
3) ...also...
4) It is one thing to...; it is another to...
●描写图表和数据的句型
1) .. . rank first (both) in...
2) .. .in proportion to...
3) A is by far the largest...
4) As many as....
5) The number is ...times as much as that of ...
6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled, as against that of last year.
7) It accounts for 35% of...
8) By comparison with ..., it decreased/increased/fell from...to...
9) ...rise rapidly(slowly)
10) ...remain level...
11) ...reach ...
12)There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase demand./income./population./prices./proction./decrease/decline/rection/fall/drop in
13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不断的增加,减少,上升,下降)
●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：
1) As can be indicated in the table, ...
2) As we could find out later， ...
3) As is revealed in the table，...
4) As the survey results show，...
5) This table provides several important points of comparison between，...
6) The two graphs depict the same thing in ...
7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:
8) According to the figures given in the table, ...
9) This chart shows that ...
10) As is shown by the graph, ...
11) It can be seen from the statistics that ...
12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ...
●说明原因的句型:
1) There are some/two/many good reasons for.../to do...
2) We have two good reasons for...
3) The reason for ... is that + 从句
4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people for..., one should be mentioned...
5) One may think of the trend as a result of...
6) The change in... largely results from the fact that...
7) There are several causes for this significant growth in... First...
8) A number of factors could account for the ....
9) It is no simple task to give the reason for ...
10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased, the prices are higher.
12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/proces higher prices.
13) The demand has increased.
14) Therefore,/As a result,/For this reason,/Because of this,/Consequently, the prices are higher.
15) If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise./go up. /boost./are higher.
16) Different people look at...in different ways...
●表示不同看法的句型:
1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/matter. Some believe that ...; Others argue that ... :Still others maintain that ...
2) They are quite different from each other in their opinions.
3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to ....
4) They think quite differently on this question.
5) Opinions vary from indivial to indivial, from culture to culture.
●表示必须,紧急,有困难做某事的句型:
1) It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. to do sth.
2) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困难做某事)
●用于文章开头的句型：
1) Faced with...; quite a few people argue that...; But other people conceive differently.
2) There is a general discussion today about the issue of....; Those who object to... argue that ...;They believe that...; But people who favor ..., on the other hand, argue that ...
3) Currently there is a widespread concern that...
4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize that...
5) Now it is commonly held that ...; they think ...; But I doubt whether...
6) Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention.
7) One of the great men once said that... Now more and more people share this belief.
8) Until recently, ... has been regarded as.... But people are taking a fresh look at it.
9) Sb. argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes that...
10) More and more people are realizing /have come to realize...
11) There is no denying/doubt that ...
●用于文章结尾的句型：
1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that ...
2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on ...
3) We must look for all immediate method, because the present situation of ..., if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result in...
4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
5) There is no immediate solution to the problem of..., but... might be helpful/beneficial.
6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ..., but the general awareness of the necessity/importance of... might be the first step on the right way.
7) There is little doubt/denying that ...
8) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task of...require immediate attention.
9) As far as ... be concerned, I believe/think that ...
10) In conclusion,...
11) In my opinion, I am in favor of ...
12) Personally, I prefer to...
13) In short,... should learn to...; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.
14) As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that...
●用于论证和说明的句型：
1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to illustrate...
2) Our society abounds with the examples of ...
3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows that...
4) According to the statistics provided by..., it can be seen that...
5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show that...
6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that ...
7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact that...
●常用谚语 (在议论文中):
1) As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”.
2) As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you don t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides.
3) As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a way.” (有志者事竟成)
4) As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”(观其交友,知其为人)
5) As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”.(没有苦,就没有甜)
●辩论中常用的句型:
1) There is no doubt that ...
2) It is obvious/clear that ...
3) As is known to all, ...
4) (It s) no wonder... (难怪) He didn t work hard and no wonder he lost his job.
5) It goes without saying that ... (不用说,不成问题,很自然……)
6) What is more important, ...
7) I am convinced that ... (我深信……)
㈦ 高中英语写作常用的句型
一篇文章通常可分为三个部分，即开头、正文和结尾。这三个部分安排是否得体，直接影响到文章的质量。
文章的开头一般来说应尽量做到开门见山，用简单明白的叙述引出文章的话题，使读者了解文章要谈论什么，一下于引起读者的兴趣。
作文常见的开头形式大致有以下几种：
1.开门见山，揭示主题
文章一开头，，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎样度假)的开头可以写成：
I Spent my last vacation happily．
"Honesty"(谈诚实)的开头可以写成：
Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a "liar"，and is looked upon by honest people．
2.交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头
在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如"A Trip to Jinshan" (去金山旅游)的开头可以写成：
The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.
3. 回忆性的开头
用回忆的方法来开头。例如"A Trip to the Taishan Mountain"(泰山游)的开头是：
I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.
4.概括性的开头
即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(读书的快乐)的开头：
People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world. But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.
5.介绍环境式的开头
即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“An Accident”(一场事故)的开头可以写成:
It was a rainy and windy morning. The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty. I was on my way back to school. Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.
6.交待写作目的的开头
在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁，批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如 "Pollution Control" (控制污染)的开头：
In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.
1.结尾万能公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子： obviously（此为过渡短语）， we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语： to sum up， in conclusion， in brief， on account of this， thus
更多句型： thus， it can be concluded that……， therefore， we can find that…
2.结尾万能公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。 obviously， it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？
更多句型： accordingly， i recommend that some measures be taken. consequently， to solve the problem， some measures should be taken.
㈧ 英语写作句型
洛基英语写作常用句型，可供参考：
1、用于句首提出问题或现象的句型Nowadays，it is common to hear/see……
2、用于阐述不同的观点的常用句型Although more and more people come to believe...，there are still others who insist that...
3、用于陈述 个人观点/想法 的常用句型In my opinion of view，both sides are partly right in that...。My opinion of view is that...
4、条理性的关联词to start with，next，in addition，finally
5、表示原因的句型The reasons for this are as follows，...
6、用于结尾的句型Therefore，it is not difficult to draw/come to the conclusion that...
7、用于书信的常用句型I am uriting to you with reference toI would be grateful if you could/would...I look forward to hearing from you
㈨ 高中英语简单句的写作，有哪五种基本句型
英语中的五种基本句型结构
一、句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：
1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。
3）Spring is coming.
4) We have lived in the city for ten years.
二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：
(1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：
1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：
1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。
三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语)
这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：
1) He took his bag and left.（名词） 他拿着书包离开了。
2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。
4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。
注意：英语中的许多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。
四、句型4： Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)
这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：
1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。
2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.
老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。 上述句子还可以表达为：
1）Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.
2）The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.
五、句型5： Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语)
这种句型中的“宾语 ＋ 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：
1）You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（形容词）
2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。
3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
4）My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)
5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)
● 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。
● 注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：
1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。
2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。
独立主格结构
一） 独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
二） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
举例：
The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
This done, we went home.
工作完成后，我们才回家。
The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。
三） With的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例: He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raise.
典型例题
The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
( hand前不能加his)。
2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分 词，不及物动词用过去分词。
He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
典型例题：
Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting
答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
不能“以貌取意”的常见句型例析
1．This is the last thing I would ever want to do．
这是我最不愿做的一件事情。
【析】“the last ＋to do；the last ＋定语从句”中的last的意思为“least willing/likely”，译为“最不愿意；最不可能”。
He's the last man I want to see．他是我最不想见的人。
He is the last person to tell a lie．他是最不可能撒谎的人。
She's the last woman I want to sit next to at dinner．她是我在宴会上最不愿与之挨着坐的女人。
2．One can't be too honest．
人越老实越好。
【析】句中“cannot．．．too．．．”意为“无论怎样……也不过分”或“越……越好”。该句型中的not可以换成 hardly，never或scarcely；too可以换成 over或enough等，意思不变。
You cannot be too careful．You cannot be over careful．＝You cannot be careful enough．你越仔细越好。
A man can never have too many friends．朋友越多越好。
3．It's a wise man that never makes mistakes．
无论多么聪明的人，也难免犯错误。
【析】“It is a ＋形容词＋名词＋that．．．”结构是一个特殊的习惯用法，意思是“无论怎样的……也不……”。真正的句子意思与字面意思相反，它具有含蓄的让步意味，切不可望文生义、译成强调句型。
It's a long lane that has no turning．无论怎样长的巷子也有转弯处。（引申意义为：耐心等待终会时来运转。）
It's a good horse that never stumbles．再好的马也有失前蹄的时候。（引申意义为：金无足赤，人无完人。）
4I'm too anxious to know the result．
我极想知道结果。
【析】英语中“too．．．to．．．”结构表示“太……以致不”的意思。例如：The star is too small to see．但是，如果too后形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度（常见的有glad，easy，ready，anxious，eager， willing，happy等），并与其后的不定式构成固定搭配，这时too含有肯定意义，表示“very，extremely”的意思。
They are too anxious to leave．他们急于离去。
Mr．Smith was too eager to see her．史密斯先生极想见到她。
5．It's three years since he was a teacher．
他不当教师已经三年了。
【析】在“It is some time since ＋主语＋谓语＋其它成分。”这一结构中，如果从句谓语动词是非延续性动词，那么时间的计算就从该动作的发生开始算起。
It‘s three years since he joined the army．他参军已经三年了。
如果从句谓语动词是延续性动词，时间就要从该动作的结束算起。
It's many years since they lived here．他们不在这儿住已经好多年了。
6．All that glitters is not gold．
闪光的东西不一定都是金子。
【析】在句中当不定代词all，both，every及 every的复合词，副词always，often，entirely与 not一起使用时，表示部分否定，意思是“并非都是”，“不是每个人都”等。
I don't remember all these formulas．这些公式我并非全都记得。
Every man cannot do it．并非每个人都能做这个。
I don't entirely agree with you．我并不完全同意你的看法。
注意：当all，both，every等词和带im-，in-，un-，dis-等表示否定意义的前缀的词连用时，表示全部否定的意义。
All your answers are incorrect．你所有的答案都不正确。
表示全部否定时，我们常使用no，not，nobody，nothing，never，nowhere，neither等词。
None of the teachers smoke．这些老师都不抽烟。
7．The mountain is not valuable because it is high．
山并不因为高而具有价值。（山不在高）
【析】含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，形式上虽然否定主句的谓语，然而意义上则是否定该原因状语，译为“并不因为……而……”。
You cannot walk away just because someone tells you he doesn't want to buy．你不能仅仅因为他告诉你不买就走开。
Galileo was not ready to accept it just because Aristotle had said so．伽利略并不只是因为亚里斯多德说过某事如何如何，就轻易相信它。
8．I didn't pretend to understand what he said．
我假装没懂他说的话。
【析】常用动词pretend，happen的否定形式有两种：既可以否定pretend，也可以否定其后的不定式，其意义不变。
I didn't happen to be there．＝I happened not to be there．我恰巧不在那儿。
They didn't pretend to see me when I went by．＝They pretended not to see me when I went by．当我经过的时候，他们假装没有看见我。
9Let's have a rest under the big tree． It's nice and cool here．
让我们在大树下歇会吧。这儿很凉快。
【析】nice and，good and都表示“很，非常，完全”的意思。and前的形容词实质上起副词作用，修饰后边的形容词，表示强调。
I am good and ready．我都准备好了。
It is good and cold in the morning．早上非常冷。
独立主格结构
一） 独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
二） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
举例：
The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
This done, we went home.
工作完成后，我们才回家。
The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。
三） With的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例: He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raise.
典型例题
The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
( hand前不能加his)。
2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分 词，不及物动词用过去分词。
He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
典型例题：
Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting
答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构， 其结构为：名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
不能“以貌取意”的常见句型例析
1．This is the last thing I would ever want to do．
这是我最不愿做的一件事情。
【析】“the last ＋to do；the last ＋定语从句”中的last的意思为“least willing/likely”，译为“最不愿意；最不可能”。
He's the last man I want to see．他是我最不想见的人。
He is the last person to tell a lie．他是最不可能撒谎的人。
She's the last woman I want to sit next to at dinner．她是我在宴会上最不愿与之挨着坐的女人。
2．One can't be too honest．
人越老实越好。
【析】句中“cannot．．．too．．．”意为“无论怎样……也不过分”或“越……越好”。该句型中的not可以换成 hardly，never或scarcely；too可以换成 over或enough等，意思不变。
You cannot be too careful．You cannot be over careful．＝You cannot be careful enough．你越仔细越好。
A man can never have too many friends．朋友越多越好。
3．It's a wise man that never makes mistakes．
无论多么聪明的人，也难免犯错误。
【析】“It is a ＋形容词＋名词＋that．．．”结构是一个特殊的习惯用法，意思是“无论怎样的……也不……”。真正的句子意思与字面意思相反，它具有含蓄的让步意味，切不可望文生义、译成强调句型。
It's a long lane that has no turning．无论怎样长的巷子也有转弯处。（引申意义为：耐心等待终会时来运转。）
It's a good horse that never stumbles．再好的马也有失前蹄的时候。（引申意义为：金无足赤，人无完人。）
4I'm too anxious to know the result．
我极想知道结果。
【析】英语中“too．．．to．．．”结构表示“太……以致不”的意思。例如：The star is too small to see．但是，如果too后形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度（常见的有glad，easy，ready，anxious，eager， willing，happy等），并与其后的不定式构成固定搭配，这时too含有肯定意义，表示“very，extremely”的意思。
They are too anxious to leave．他们急于离去。
Mr．Smith was too eager to see her．史密斯先生极想见到她。
5．It's three years since he was a teacher．
他不当教师已经三年了。
【析】在“It is some time since ＋主语＋谓语＋其它成分。”这一结构中，如果从句谓语动词是非延续性动词，那么时间的计算就从该动作的发生开始算起。
It‘s three years since he joined the army．他参军已经三年了。
如果从句谓语动词是延续性动词，时间就要从该动作的结束算起。
It's many years since they lived here．他们不在这儿住已经好多年了。
6．All that glitters is not gold．
闪光的东西不一定都是金子。
【析】在句中当不定代词all，both，every及 every的复合词，副词always，often，entirely与 not一起使用时，表示部分否定，意思是“并非都是”，“不是每个人都”等。
I don't remember all these formulas．这些公式我并非全都记得。
Every man cannot do it．并非每个人都能做这个。
I don't entirely agree with you．我并不完全同意你的看法。
注意：当all，both，every等词和带im-，in-，un-，dis-等表示否定意义的前缀的词连用时，表示全部否定的意义。
All your answers are incorrect．你所有的答案都不正确。
表示全部否定时，我们常使用no，not，nobody，nothing，never，nowhere，neither等词。
None of the teachers smoke．这些老师都不抽烟。
7．The mountain is not valuable because it is high．
山并不因为高而具有价值。（山不在高）
【析】含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，形式上虽然否定主句的谓语，然而意义上则是否定该原因状语，译为“并不因为……而……”。
You cannot walk away just because someone tells you he doesn't want to buy．你不能仅仅因为他告诉你不买就走开。
Galileo was not ready to accept it just because Aristotle had said so．伽利略并不只是因为亚里斯多德说过某事如何如何，就轻易相信它。
8．I didn't pretend to understand what he said．
我假装没懂他说的话。
【析】常用动词pretend，happen的否定形式有两种：既可以否定pretend，也可以否定其后的不定式，其意义不变。
I didn't happen to be there．＝I happened not to be there．我恰巧不在那儿。
They didn't pretend to see me when I went by．＝They pretended not to see me when I went by．当我经过的时候，他们假装没有看见我。
9Let's have a rest under the big tree． It's nice and cool here．
让我们在大树下歇会吧。这儿很凉快。
【析】nice and，good and都表示“很，非常，完全”的意思。and前的形容词实质上起副词作用，修饰后边的形容词，表示强调。
I am good and ready．我都准备好了。
It is good and cold in the morning．早上非常冷。