英语写作结构种类
我已经过了六级啦~~就把我复习用的文档给你找来了,希望你能用得上哦,距离六级考试也不远了,背一背这些都是很有用的,加油哦~~
说明原因常用句型
n 1.There are many/plenty of/ a number of/ numerous reasons explaining/ for .
n 2. Thereasons of lie in several aspects .
n 3.Many factors contribute to .
n 4.There are many reasons that may account for .
n 5. Thereasons for/why are as follows: .
n 6.There are many factors that have stimulated this huge change.
n 7. The rapid growth of _____ owes muchto_____
图表作文篇章结构
1) We havewitnessed 总体现象.
2) According to 描述图表 , 具体表现一.
3) And 具体表现二 .
4) Many reasons contribute to 过渡句.
5)To begin with, 原因一.
6)Moreover, 原因二.
7) In addition, 原因三.
8) As a result, 导致结果.
9) As to me, 作者的看法.
10) First of all, 理由一.
11) Besides, 理由二.
12) To conclude, 总结.
连接词
n 1)表层次:
n first,firstly, in the first place, to begin with, to start with,
n second,secondly, further, next, still, furthermore
n third,thirdly, what’s more, last, last but not least, finally
n and,also, too, and then, next, besides, moreover , equally important, in addition,
n 2)表转折;
n by contrast, in contrast, on the contrary, onthe other hand, at the same time,
n despitethe fact that, regardless of, in spite of, but, however, nevertheless,otherwise, instead, still
n although,though, even though, yet, even so, it is true …but
n 3)表因果;
n 因:because of, as, for, for the reason, eto, owing to, since, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, result from
n 果:So, thus, hence,therefore, consequently, accordingly, as a result, asa consequence, result in
n 4)表递近:
n furthermore,moreover, likewise, what is more, besides, also, not only...but also...
n too,in addition
n 5)表举例:
n forexample, for instance, a case in point is……,to take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is
n 6)表解释:
n as amatter of fact, frankly speaking, in this case, namely, in other words
n 7)表总结:
n insummary, to sum up, in a word, in short, in brief, in conclusion, to conclude, to summarize
n thus,as has been said, altogether, in fact, finally, in simpler terms, indeed, onthe whole, in all
开头常用句
n 名人名言开头
n A proverb says, “You are only young once.”(适用于已记住的名言)
n It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.(适用于自编名言)
n Aseveryoneknows,
n Noonecandenythat…
n 数据统计开头
n Accordingtoarecentsurvey, about78.9%.
n Arecentstatisticsshowsthat…
n (问题解决型作文)开头
n Man is now facing with a big problem— ________, which is becoming more and more serious.
n Along with the advance of the society moreand more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that…
n (观点对立型作文)开头
n People’s views/ideas/opinions on X vary from person to person
n (现象解释型作文)开头
n As society develops/ with the deepening ofChinese reform and opening up, peopleare attaching much importance to …
n Recently the phenomenon has aroused wideconcern, some people are in alarm that…
结尾常用句
n 深远意义型
n 1)Itis of vital importance to the progress of our whole human beings.
n 2)Thesignificance of X is far-reaching/ it might exert a profound influence on X.
n 3)Followingthese suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay-off might be worth the effort .It will not only benefit ... but also benefit ...
n 展望未来型
n 1)Consequently, Iam confident that a bright future is awaiting us because________.
n 2)All in all, thesolutions may not bring the perfect result, but as long as we do it with our brains and hands, we will one day resolve it.
n 号召建议型
n 1)urgentmeasures are needed to cure this problem
n 2)strictlaws and regulations should be issued (made) to
n 3)weshould seek for a balanced point between the advantages and disadvantages
n 4)weshould take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in
n 5)Wemight do more than identify the causes/factors; it is important to take actionto
写作模板——提纲式作文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.
More importantly, 论据2.
Most important of all, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 论据1.
For another, 论据2.
Last but not the least, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版3
There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 论据1。
Furthermore, 论据2。
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。
As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
插入语的使用
1.indeed的确 2.surely无疑3.however然而
4.obviously显然5.frankly坦率地说 6.luckily (或happily) for sb.算某人幸运 7.briefly简单地说
8.needless to say不用说,
9.most important of all最为重要是
10.worse still更糟糕的是
11.in other words换句话说
12.in a sense在某种意义上
13.in fact事实上
14.of course当然
15.as a matter offact事实上
16.judging from…根据……判断
17.Ibelieve/hope/suppose我相信/希望/认为
18.what isimportant (serious)重要(严重)的是
19. to myknowledge据我所知
20.on the contrary相反
开头
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.
Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-daylife. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems aswell.
互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.
Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face. 如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.
It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…
人们一般认为…
Many people insist that… 很多人坚持认为…
With the development of science and technology, more and more people believethat … 随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…
A lot of people seem to think that… 很多人似乎认为…
结尾
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to theconclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusionthat … 考虑所有这些因素, 我们可能会得出合理的结论…
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…
因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. 毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.
All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to findout new ways to cope with the problems that would arise. 总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.
引出不同观点:
People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However,others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为...
People may have different opinions on…
人们对…可能会有不同的见解.
Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.
人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.
There are different opinions among people as to…
关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.
Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.
提出建议:
It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).
该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.
It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on theimprovement of …
该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of … 毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.
Obviously,…. If wewant to do something… , it is essential that… 显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…
Only in this way can we… 只有这样,我们才能…
It must be realized that… 我们必须意识到…
预示后果:
Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead usin danger. 很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.
No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that… 毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…
It is urgent thatimmediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. 很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.
论证
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinionrather than the second. 在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点….
Personally, I am standing on the side of …就个人而言, 我站在…的一边.
I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信…
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….
在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.
Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…
给出原因:
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …
这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三,…
Why did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is… 为什么会…? 一个原因是… 令一个原因是…或许其主要原因是….
I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows. 我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下:
列出解决办法:
Here are some suggestions for handling…
这是如何处理某事的一些建议.
The best way to solve the troubles is…
解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.
人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.
批判错误观点和做法:
As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言,…
It was obvious that… 很显然,….
It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that…
可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…
It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that… 认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….
There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明…
文章结尾句型
1、“因此,不难得出结论...”
Accordingly/Consequently/As a result,it is notdifficult to draw the conclusion that...
2、“综上所述,我们能得出如下结论...”
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonablyarrive at the conclusion that...
3、“这一难题,是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要处理得当,我们就会...”
The dilemma is something no one can avoid. Properlyhandled, however, we will...
4、“总之,全社会都应该密切关注...,只有这样我们才能...”
All in all, the whole society should pay closeattention to the problem of .... Only in this way can we....
5、“考虑到所有的因素,我们意识到...”
Taking into account all of these factors, we havereached the realization that...
❷ 大学四级英语写作有几类题型详细点
1.体裁:说明文,议论文
最近几年的四六级作文的体裁以说明文和议论文为主。
说明文如:HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview(2000,12,四级),HowIFinanceMyCollegeEcation(2000,1四级),PracticeMakesPerfect,HasteMakesWaste(97,1六级)
议论文如:Don’tHesitatetoSay"NO"(99,1四级和六级),CanMoneyBuyHappiness(95,1四级),?(2000,6四级)?(99,6六级),Do"LuckyNumbers"ReallyBringGoodLuck?(98,6四级和六级)
2.段落类型:比较/对比,列举,程序等
说明和议论文章所采用的文章扩展模式一般以比较/对照,举例、列举、因果、程序等者居多。如:Don’tHesitatetoSay"NO",等很多四六级写作中都涉及到两种观点的对比,整体的段落类型为对照型。PracticeMakesPerfect,HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities等可采用因果行的段落结构模式,也可以采用举例说明的结构模式。AdvantagesofaJobInterview则应采用列举的段落扩展模式。
www.cooyu.netwww.cooyu.net
3.出题方式:提纲式写作,中文提纲,一般为三句或两句。
如:99年1月份考题
Directions:Forthispart,:Don’tHesitatetoSay"NO".ne(giveninChinese)below.
1.别人请求帮助时,在什么情况下我们会说“不"。
2.为什么有些人在该说"不"的时候不说"不"。
3.该说"不"时不说"不"的坏处。
再如:98年一月分考题
Directions:Forthispart,:HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities.ne(giveninChinese)below.
1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fakecommodities)。为什么会有这种情况
2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害
❸ 英文写作的四种文体及注意事项
四种文体:
1、记叙文,
2、议论文,
3、说明文
4、应用文:包括书信、通知、便条等。
注意事项:
1、确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样,才能保证所写段落不偏题,不跑题。
2、要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排,避免段落内容的交叉。
3、用好连接词,注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明,思路清晰,文字连贯,就需要在句与句之间,段与段之间架起一座座桥梁,而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。
4、平时多注重积累一些高级词汇也是很重要的。
(3)英语写作结构种类扩展阅读:
作文关键:
作文是中学英语学习的重要内容之一,也是学生综合能力的体现。它与学生的词汇量、语法、句法能力和逻辑思维能力等有密不可分的关系,在高考中占有相当大的比重。
而许多学生在此方面丢分甚多,以致影响最后总分,因此提高学生写作能力势在必行。
任何文章都是由句子组成的,句子又是由词组、基本句型构成的。要重视词、短语、句型的理解记忆,因此,书面表达要从词组、句型训练入手,强化基础知识。
掌握好词组、基本句型,再配上合适的时态,一篇文章就基本完成。
句子是作文 的基本单位,我们要有意识地进行连句成文的有步骤的训练。
先把词汇写出来,然后巧用一些关联词连句成篇。在大量形式多样的简单句子中,要逐步学会用简单句子表达思想,并学会构写一个语段来表达连贯的思想。
❹ 星火英语写作特训20篇中的四大作文类型,怎样区分现象阐释型和观点论证型,非常谢谢。
孩子,学习是个积累知识的过程,
多做多练才能熟能生巧,专
养成自属己独立完成作业的习惯,
有一定会收获成功。
星星大致可分为行星恒星 彗星等
1 行星本身并不会发光,
我们看到的是它反射的太阳的光
2 恒星就是类似太阳一类大的天体 其本身内部会发生反应,
❺ 英语写作四种体裁的英文定义
1、narration 记叙文 :
记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主,以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。
2、argumentation 议论文 :
议论文,又叫说理文,是一种剖析事物论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方法,来确定其观点正确或错误,树立或否定某种主张。议论文应该观点明确、论据充分、语言精炼、论证合理、有严密的逻辑性。
3、exposition 应用文 :
应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体,是国家机关、政党、社会团体、企业事业单位在日常工作、生活中处理各种事物时,经常使用的具有明道、交际、信守和约定成俗的惯用格式文体。
4、description说明文:
说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁 。它通过对实体事物科学地解说,对客观事物做出说明或对抽象事理的阐释,使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等能有科学的认识,从而获得有关的知识。
(5)英语写作结构种类扩展阅读
提高英语写作能力的原则:
1、渐进性原则。要坚持“句—段—篇”的训练程序,由易到难,循序渐进。在英语写作的初始阶段,要始终注意培养学生良好的写作习惯,狠抓基本功训练。
在学生掌握了基本句型并能写出简单句子后,再要求学生根据一些体例写出小段的文章。在段落写作中要引导学生分析段落的结构、段落的中心句、句与句之间的逻辑关系、写作手法等,这样有利于下一步一篇文章的写作。在文章写作中要教会学生如何构思文章、如何运用正确的写作技巧等。
2、多样性原则。要坚持训练形式的多样化及写作文体的多样性。从形式上而言,可以用回答提问的口头作文,也可以用续写故事;可以改写课文,也可以仿写课文;
可以写提纲训练谋篇布局,也可以写拓展段训练发散思维……。从文体上而言,可以写说明文、议论文、记叙文,也可以写书信、便条、通知等实用文体。
3、结合性原则。要坚持听说读训练和写训练相结合。根据语言习得理论,学习者在学习时常先通过听和读吸取语言知识,从而了解别人的思想,再通过说和写来表达自己的思想。
让别人了解自己。大量的听说训练能促进读写能力的提高。因此,写与听说读紧密结合,进行多元化的能力训练,可使学生的各项能力互相影响、互相渗透、互相促进。
❻ 问几个关于英文写作类型的单词~英文高手进来帮帮忙~
Fiction 小说 指虚构的东西
biography 传记
article 文章的总称 通常比较短
essay 短文 很随意的文体
抒情短诗
romanza
十四行诗
sonnet
comment 评论
❼ 英语文章文体有哪些
文体分为文章体裁和文学体裁。文章体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。其中文学体裁包括诗歌、小说、戏剧、散文。
一记叙文是以记叙、描写为主要表达方式,以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容的文章。中学阶段,为了教学的方便,常常把消息、通讯、人物传记、回忆录、寓言、童话、小说等,都划归到记叙文教学中。
记叙文的分类:从写作内容与方式看,可分为两类:简单的记叙文和复杂的记叙文。从写作对象的不同,可分为四类:
1、写人的记叙文;
2、叙事的记叙文;
3、写景的记叙文(即散文);
4、状物的记叙文。
二、说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学地解说,对客观事物做出说明或对抽象事理的阐释,使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等能有科学的认识,从而获得有关的知识。说明文的中心鲜明突出,文章具有科学性,条理性,语言确切生动。
三、议论文是以议论为主要表达方式,通过摆事实,讲道理,直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。它不同于记叙文以形象生动的记叙来间接地表达作者的思想感情,也不同于说明文侧重介绍或解释事物的形状、性质、成因、功能等。总而言之,议论文是以理服人的文章,记叙文和说明文则是以事感人,以知授人的文章。
四、应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体,是国家机关、政党、社会团体、企业事业单位在日常工作、生活中处理各种事物时,经常使用的具有明道、交际、信守和约定成俗的惯用格式文体。是人们传递信息、处理事务、交流感情的工具,有的应用文还用来作为凭证和依据。随着社会的发展,人们在工作和生活中的交往越来越频繁,事情也越来越复杂,因此应用文的功能也就越来越多了。
五、小说,以刻画人物形象为中心,通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活的文学体裁。
人物、情节、环境是小说的三要素。情节一般包括开端、发展、高潮、结局四部分,有的包括序幕、尾声。环境包括自然环境和社会环境。 小说按照篇幅及容量可分为长篇、中篇、短篇和微型小说(小小说)。按照表现的内容可分为神话、仙侠、武侠、科幻、悬疑、古传、当代、浪漫青春、游戏竞技等。按照体制可分为章回体小说、日记体小说、书信体小说、自传体小说。按照语言形式可分为文言小说和白话小说。
❽ 英语写作教学中主要有哪些教学活动类型
在初中英语写作教学过程中,教师要设计有效的活动,吸引每一位学生的注意力,调动学生学内习的积极性。随容着新课程的不断改革,英语教师要不断转变自身的教学观念,改进教学方式,在课堂中适当的引入活动,提高整个英语课堂的教学质量。,教师要注重培养学生的各种语言技能、综合运用语言的能力。有一部分教师在认识以及实施写作教学中仍然存在着一些误区。教师通过培养以及训练学生的各种能力,将有效启发与精心设计作为基础,逐步培养学生的写作能力。
❾ 你知道写作有几种类型吗英语翻译
Fiction 小说 指虚构的东西
biography 传记
article 文章的总称 通常比较短
essay 短文 很随意的文专体
抒情短诗
romanza
十四行诗
sonnet
comment 评论属